Questions posted on Live Q and A with Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf

12 questions posed when registering on www.ourlawyer.co.za/live Question 1 Western Cape I have a restraining order against the mother of my child as she harasses myself and my family. I pay my maintenance however she refuses to let me see my son. It’s been almost a year now and I have reached out to social workers as well as mediation for a parenting plan but so far, no assistance – PLEASE HELP Question 2 Kwazulu Natal Divorced since 2013. Settlement agreement in place and through the years the maintenance amount stated on that agreement has changed. This year we relocated and my daughter was given the opportunity to live with her school principal in order to finish her Gr7 year in an excellent school. Her father notified me that he will not pay her maintenance to me because she is not in my care. He has not paid it to anyone else either. He gave her pocket money and paid the school fees which has always been separate from the maintenance amount. Please advise. Question 3 Western Cape My husband has been paying maintenance for 21 years. The child does not go to school and he has a garnish order that was supposed to stop in November 2021. He went to court for 2 days an filled the paperwork but the papers were still not delivered to the mother. Can you pls give advice as to how to stop the garnish order? Question 4 Eastern Cape I have a case with my baby’s dad. He doesn’t want to pay the amount. I went to the court and when they asked him how much he will afford. He said “I don’t know”. Now he said he wants the lawyer and he’s complaining that I’m not giving the child where’s he knows very well that in his house they always drunk and fighting with his wife and he demand that his wife is the one who supposed to buy my child’s clothes. My question is it a must? Question 5 Gauteng I need a brief summary of citizenship law democracy and the constitution module. With regards to you and your family. Question 6 Western Cape Hi. We have a parenting plan in place. Note that normal drop off on every alternate Sunday is at 5pm. With school holidays it’s supposed to be 50/50 so father picks up on Friday and drops the kids the following Friday. This past school holidays. Father decided the Sunday he can’t take the kids for his school week and with me pushing back. He ended up dropping kids at my workplace at 9pm on a Sunday night. Note that I was not at work and he then dropped the kids at my parent’s place at 10pm. What can I do? Question 7 Western Cape My husband left me and our baby when she was 4 months old and went overseas. Despite asking him a million times to pay maintenance he always says he doesn’t have money but is a sales director for a big hotel group in Dubai. He has not contributed a cent to our child and I recently lost my job. What is the process of getting him or forcing him legally to pay maintenance? Question 8 Western Cape Afternoon. My daughter passed away in Feb 2021. L my daughter and M were married. M was 5 and Z 5 days. M moved in with my sister where she looked after the children. After 6 months he moved in with his mom. Now we don’t see them often. I saw them last 5 November 2021 when a social worker contacted him where he told them not to speak to him but to his lawyer. He doesn’t want to meet with me and the social worker. I would love to see them once or twice a month but he refuses. Question 9 Gauteng What do we do when the father is being denied access to the child? The mother claims her family is the one controlling the situation. The grandmother of the child was the mediator the whole time and now she has passed away. What steps should we follow to make things right? Question 10 Gauteng After 22 years my husband left me for another woman. At the time he unlawfully evicted me. I didn’t know it was against the law then. I ended up giving notice as the lease was on my name just to get to my personal and the kids’ stuff. Yet he took everything. Emptied my business account. The car that was supposed to be registered in my company name he registered behind my back in his name. This all happened 2021. End of July he disappeared. Kept on telling me because I can’t give him the original marriage certificate, I’m delaying the process. I got a lawyer but after still no summons he ended up refunding me. My eldest turned 18 last year. She just got her matric results with 3 distinctions. My youngest is turning 18 in February this year. I manage to serve him for maintenance under rule 58. He basically took my clients because of his lies. I tried to get a job again in the industry I worked for years. However, he worked in the same industry. Due to his misconduct I lost my job again when the final MIE check came back. I have been unable to find a job since then. He supplied me with stock to continue with the few clients I had left. But it’s always on his terms. Leaving me basically with income when it suits him. My eldest daughter filed her own maintenance claim. As he now sees it as a privilege if he pays for her varsity. She got a full scholarship for high school because of academic and sport. She was deputy head. I managed to get the papers signed on him in a parking lot as none of us knows where he lives. After that I am completely without income. I have moved into a house close to varsity because of all the promises that was made. Now I’m stuck with even more bills. I have never denied him to see his kids yet he has seen them at most 5 hours. And then only in a mall. How do I ensure that he assist with the necessary? I have no income and the amount he pays depends on the day. I also applied for loans purely for business use. To increase stock. He took all the stock as well yet I’m now stuck with all the loans. Again. No fix income. Any advice that can help me be ready as I’m due in court on the 20th of Jan 2022. He strongly believes that he no longer needs to pay maintenance once they turn 18. As it is, he stopped the eldest pocket money as she is an adult now. Please any advice would be much appreciated. Thank you know he has the money. Question 11 Western Cape Maintenance order that I want to contest. As my ex-wife was working whilst we were married. Now that we are divorced for 3 and half years and I moved on she still living with my mother in a second dwelling as property is huge. When I got married last year September, she went ballistic as I’m not living there right now I make it my responsibility to get up at 6 am and go fetch in the morning for school when my ex leaves at 630 am or when she works from home I still do it. So i don’t have access to my child when it concerns my weekend with him. I’m blocked by him and her as his WhatsApp messages is link to her phone I have absolutely no rights in this settlement as I paid maintenance but cannot have access to my child knowing that she listening in on our conversation. This Christmas had no access she took him away with no consent as always even now never saw him since last year 23 December. Question 12 Gauteng Good day. The father of my children refuses to pay maintenance for December. I asked.

Posted on 11 February 2025 by Telelaw

Questions posted on Live Q and A with Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf

12 questions posed when registering on www.ourlawyer.co.za/live

Question 1

Western Cape

I have a restraining order against the mother of my child as she harasses myself and my family. I pay my maintenance however she refuses to let me see my son. It’s been almost a year now and I have reached out to social workers as well as mediation for a parenting plan but so far, no assistance – PLEASE HELP

Question 2

Kwazulu Natal

Divorced since 2013. Settlement agreement in place and through the years the maintenance amount stated on that agreement has changed. This year we relocated and my daughter was given the opportunity to live with her school principal in order to finish her Gr7 year in an excellent school. Her father notified me that he will not pay her maintenance to me because she is not in my care. He has not paid it to anyone else either. He gave her pocket money and paid the school fees which has always been separate from the maintenance amount. Please advise.

Question 3

Western Cape

My husband has been paying maintenance for 21 years. The child does not go to school and he has a garnish order that was supposed to stop in November 2021. He went to court for 2 days an filled the paperwork but the papers were still not delivered to the mother. Can you pls give advice as to how to stop the garnish order?

Question 4

Eastern Cape

I have a case with my baby’s dad. He doesn’t want to pay the amount. I went to the court and when they asked him how much he will afford. He said “I don’t know”. Now he said he wants the lawyer and he’s complaining that I’m not giving the child where’s he knows very well that in his house they always drunk and fighting with his wife and he demand that his wife is the one who supposed to buy my child’s clothes. My question is it a must?

Question 5

Gauteng

I need a brief summary of citizenship law democracy and the constitution module. With regards to you and your family.

Question 6

Western Cape

Hi. We have a parenting plan in place. Note that normal drop off on every alternate Sunday is at 5pm. With school holidays it’s supposed to be 50/50 so father picks up on Friday and drops the kids the following Friday. This past school holidays. Father decided the Sunday he can’t take the kids for his school week and with me pushing back. He ended up dropping kids at my workplace at 9pm on a Sunday night. Note that I was not at work and he then dropped the kids at my parent’s place at 10pm. What can I do?

Question 7

Western Cape

My husband left me and our baby when she was 4 months old and went overseas. Despite asking him a million times to pay maintenance he always says he doesn’t have money but is a sales director for a big hotel group in Dubai. He has not contributed a cent to our child and I recently lost my job. What is the process of getting him or forcing him legally to pay maintenance?

Question 8

Western Cape

Afternoon. My daughter passed away in Feb 2021. L my daughter and M were married. M was 5 and Z 5 days. M moved in with my sister where she looked after the children. After 6 months he moved in with his mom. Now we don’t see them often. I saw them last 5 November 2021 when a social worker contacted him where he told them not to speak to him but to his lawyer. He doesn’t want to meet with me and the social worker. I would love to see them once or twice a month but he refuses.

Question 9

Gauteng

What do we do when the father is being denied access to the child? The mother claims her family is the one controlling the situation. The grandmother of the child was the mediator the whole time and now she has passed away. What steps should we follow to make things right?

Question 10

Gauteng

After 22 years my husband left me for another woman. At the time he unlawfully evicted me. I didn’t know it was against the law then. I ended up giving notice as the lease was on my name just to get to my personal and the kids’ stuff. Yet he took everything. Emptied my business account. The car that was supposed to be registered in my company name he registered behind my back in his name. This all happened 2021. End of July he disappeared. Kept on telling me because I can’t give him the original marriage certificate, I’m delaying the process. I got a lawyer but after still no summons he ended up refunding me. My eldest turned 18 last year. She just got her matric results with 3 distinctions.

My youngest is turning 18 in February this year. I manage to serve him for maintenance under rule 58. He basically took my clients because of his lies. I tried to get a job again in the industry I worked for years. However, he worked in the same industry. Due to his misconduct I lost my job again when the final MIE check came back. I have been unable to find a job since then. He supplied me with stock to continue with the few clients I had left. But it’s always on his terms. Leaving me basically with income when it suits him. My eldest daughter filed her own maintenance claim. As he now sees it as a privilege if he pays for her varsity. She got a full scholarship for high school because of academic and sport. She was deputy head. I managed to get the papers signed on him in a parking lot as none of us knows where he lives. After that I am completely without income. I have moved into a house close to varsity because of all the promises that was made. Now I’m stuck with even more bills. I have never denied him to see his kids yet he has seen them at most 5 hours. And then only in a mall. How do I ensure that he assist with the necessary? I have no income and the amount he pays depends on the day. I also applied for loans purely for business use. To increase stock. He took all the stock as well yet I’m now stuck with all the loans. Again. No fix income. Any advice that can help me be ready as I’m due in court on the 20th of Jan 2022. He strongly believes that he no longer needs to pay maintenance once they turn 18. As it is, he stopped the eldest pocket money as she is an adult now. Please any advice would be much appreciated. Thank you know he has the money.

Question 11

Western Cape

Maintenance order that I want to contest. As my ex-wife was working whilst we were married. Now that we are divorced for 3 and half years and I moved on she still living with my mother in a second dwelling as property is huge. When I got married last year September, she went ballistic as I’m not living there right now I make it my responsibility to get up at 6 am and go fetch in the morning for school when my ex leaves at 630 am or when she works from home I still do it. So i don’t have access to my child when it concerns my weekend with him. I’m blocked by him and her as his WhatsApp messages is link to her phone I have absolutely no rights in this settlement as I paid maintenance but cannot have access to my child knowing that she listening in on our conversation. This Christmas had no access she took him away with no consent as always even now never saw him since last year 23 December.

Question 12

Gauteng

Good day. The father of my children refuses to pay maintenance for December. I asked.

I am a Muslim and married. What is the best legal advice you can provide to a Muslim Couple getting divorced in South Africa?
Although Muslim marriages in South Africa are not formally legislated yet, Muslims married in terms of Muslim Rites are afforded broad recognition and protection when it comes to the enforcement of their rights. However, until such time that parliament passes laws that deal explicitly with Muslim marriages and the legal consequence thereof, South Africans would be dependent on Courts to enforce their rights. It should also be noted that if a South African Court makes a ruling that affects Muslim marriages, it does not mean that the Court ruling is Shariah Compliant. The laws of Islam cannot be tainted by secular Courts, no matter how good their intentions are. Therefore, before approaching a South African court to deal with an aspect of your Islamic marriage, ensure that you first obtain the proper Sharia advice.
When is the best time to seek legal advice from an attorney or advocate if I want to divorce my spouse?
The best time to seek legal advice is before the actual talaq of faskh. You would then know your rights regarding your property, personal maintenance (alimony), child maintenance, child custody and so on. You and your spouse can then discuss these issues and come to an amicable agreement. This is the first prize, as no one wants to spend money on lawyers’ fees to resolve simple issues after divorce. It may be ideal to utilise an attorney’s services or advocate to draft a legally binding settlement agreement. If you and your spouse cannot agree regarding the item mentioned above, then unfortunately, those issues would have to be resolved in a court of law. This is what this article deals with.
How do we best deal with the issue of jointly owned property after the Islamic Divorce?
If you and your spouse own jointly owned property, for example, a house, you can continue owing it together after the marriage. However, if one of you wants to sell it and the other does not, you would need to approach the High Court to terminate the joint ownership. This can be a very long and expensive process. It would entail applying to the court for an order outlining how the property must be sold. It may first be sold via private sale and, if not possible, via a public auction. The court can also order how the proceeds should be divided. It is best to consult with an attorney or advocate in this regard.
What is the best way to resolve care and contact issues regarding minor children after a talaq or faskh?
For any legal matter, it is best to resolve issues without the need to approach a Court of Law. In the case of a Muslim marriage where there are minor children involved, it may be the best option. This is because children are negatively affected if parents litigate over them. However, it must be done if it is the only option because parents cannot see eye to eye. However, before considering litigation regarding your children, it is best to try to mediate the dispute. We suggest using a professional like a social worker, psychologist, or suitably qualified person to resolve the dispute. Most of the time, it works.
How do I apply to the Children’s Court for contact with my child?
To apply for child custody in South Africa, you may approach the Children’s Court in the area where the child resides or where the custody dispute arose. The process involves completing a form, which can be obtained from the court or downloaded from the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development’s website. You must provide details of yourself, the child, and the person you claim custody. It would be best to give reasons for your claim and any evidence that may support your case. Once the application has been submitted, the court will set a hearing date, and both parties must attend. At the hearing, the court will consider the best interests of the child and may also appoint a social worker to investigate and report on the child’s circumstances. The court may also order mediation to try and resolve the dispute amicably. It is important to note that custody disputes can be emotionally draining and stressful for all parties involved, especially the child. It is, therefore, advisable to seek legal advice and support from a family law attorney or advocate who can guide you through the process and ensure that your rights and the child’s best interests are protected.
What is the best way to resolve child maintenance issues regarding minor children after a talaq or faskh?
In South Africa, each parent must maintain their child according to their mean. This applies to all parents, whether or not they were married to each other in terms of Muslim Rites, Civil law, or not married at all. Before parents venture into a Faskh or Talaq, they need to discuss whether they will be paying for the minor children after they divorce. They must discuss who will pay the school fees, extra-mural, and medical expenses. If the child will be living with the mother primarily, then the father would need to pay the mother cash maintenance as well. This needs to be resolved as soon as possible. If the parents cannot resolve the issues regarding child maintenance amounts themselves, the parent claiming maintenance would need to approach the maintenance court as soon as possible. There is no need to wait until the marriage has first been resolved.
How do I apply for Child Maintenance if I am married Islamically?
The process to apply for child maintenance is the same for everyone. Whether or not you are married or not. You would need to approach the maintenance court in the area where the child resides or where the maintenance defaulter resides. The process involves completing a form which can be obtained from the court or downloaded from the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development’s website. You must provide details of yourself, the child, and the person you are claiming maintenance from. You will also need to provide proof of your income, the expenses incurred for the child, and the expenses of the person from whom you are claiming maintenance. Once the application has been submitted, the court will set a hearing date, and both parties must attend. At the hearing, the court will consider the financial circumstances of both parties and make a maintenance order, which will determine the amount of maintenance that needs to be paid.
I require legal assistance after my Talaq or Faskh. What is the best way to obtain legal advice or assistance?
If you require legal advice or assistance before or after your Talaq or Faskh, schedule an appointment using the link www.ourlaywer.co.za/advice. We would be able to advise and assist you where necessary.

Posted on 11 February 2025 by Telelaw

[caption id="attachment_7045" align="alignleft" width="300"] Child Relocation, Passports, Custody, Surname Change and the High Courts[/caption]
Child Relocation, Passports, Custody, Surname Change, and the High Courts – Simplified
What does Child Relocation, Passport disputes, Custody issues, and surname changes have in common? They are all matters which a court of law resolves if the parties cannot do so. Other than child custody issues that can be resolved by the Children’s Court, disputes in relation to Child Relocation, Passport Disputes and Surname changes for minor children are dealt with in the various Provincial High Courts in South Africa where the child ore parties reside. Much has been written in this website regarding child custody, relocation of minor children, and passport disputes. They have however not been dealt with simultaneously in one article. This is what this article intends to do. It basically provides the intertwined application of the law. With the rise in relocation and disputes regarding care and contact in South Africa, this article would be useful for many parents. However, if you wish to view some of the articles already written on the aforementioned topics, feel free to click on the following links: – Minor children born out of wedlock – Whose surname should they have? – Passport Application for my child. I cannot find the father to give consent at the Department of Home Affairs – Child Custody – Articles and Posts – Relocate with the minor child. Parent Refusing Consent for a Passport

Popular relocation countries for South Africans

If you wish to emigrate from South Africa, there are many places in this world to consider. Some would be more ideal than others. But it all depends on the reason for the relocation. Here is a list of the top countries South Africans and emigrating to:

United Kingdom (UK)
Australia
United States of America (USA)
New Zealand
Canada
Angola
Botswana
Chile
Zimbabwe
Germany
Netherlands
Swaziland
Israel
Portugal
Mozambique
Ireland
Malawi
Switzerland
Namibia
Greece

If you intend to relocate to a country or region not mentioned above, read on, this article still applies to you.

The Child’s Best interests – A Constitutional Right

You guessed it, this article will commence with the fundamental principle in our law – the child’s best interests. This principle is an international principle, applied all over the world. Locally, the principle is found in our Constitution, Act 108 of 1996 and in the Children’s Act 38 of 2005. Let us unpack it. Section 28 (2) of our Constitution states that “[a] child’s best interests are of paramount importance in every matter concerning the child.” Furthermore, section 9 of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005 states that “[i]n all matters concerning the care, protection, and well-being of a child the standard that the child’s best interest is of paramount importance, must be applied.” There you have it. The golden thread that should weave through every matter, application or dispute when it comes to children is – priority should be given to their best interests. Of course, this makes sense. Children are our future and a vulnerable sector of our society. Parents are the ones with the issues, and the children are innocent bystanders affected by all this noise. The law and society should, therefore, ensure that they are protected and given the best deal in the equation. Now let us move on to the topic of child custody, followed by passport applications, and then relocation. Lastly, we deal with surname changes of minor children.

Child Custody Disputes

This is where the disputes usually begin. However, not many parents understand the concept of child custody. The legal term now used for custody is care. This was introduced in the Children’s Act 38 of 2005. However, for the sake of ease, we shall continue to refer to it as custody in this legal article. We receive many queries where a parent is actually primary caring for the child, but still, want “custody” over the child. The reality of the matter is that that parent already has “custody” over the child as the child is primary living with him or her. What such parent most probably want is a court order confirming that. The reason for that varies but is mostly for stability and peace of mind. The reason for dealing with child custody is that it has a direct bearing on disputes regarding relocation, passport applications, and surname changes. It is usually the parent who is exercising primary care who approaches us regarding the latter issues. They would want to relocate, apply for a passport or change the minor child’s surname, but the other parent does not want to consent. Obviously, it is possible for a parent who does not have the primary care to want to try and relocate with a child. This would hold water if it would be in the child’s best interests. And if the child does not have a passport, the non-custodial parent may want to make an application to the court to dispense with the other parent’s consent. And with relocation, changing a child’s surname to that of the parent who the child will be relocating with, may be a good idea. Now let’s have a look on the legalities of a passport application, relocation and a surname change for a minor child.

Passport Application for minor children

Our starting point is our Constitution. It affords everyone the following rights:

Everyone has the right to freedom of movement;
Everyone has the right to leave the Republic;
Every citizen has the right to enter, to remain in and to reside anywhere in, the Republic; and
Every citizen has the right to a passport.

As mentioned earlier, the usual scenario is that a parent who has “custody” over the minor child would like to leave the country with the minor child. This can be for a holiday, or to visit a family member. This is the easy one, as the law affords every citizen the right to a passport. However, the unfortunate issue is that according to section 18(5) of the Children’s Act, all guardians of a child must consent for a minor child’s passport application. However, let’s say the child was born out of wedlock, the unfortunate issue is that the Department of Home Affairs has no idea if the father has guardianship or not. Therefore, it seems that they always ask for the father’s consent. Now, if the other parent does not want to visit the Department of Home Affairs to give the necessary consent for a passport, an application would have to be made to the Court as provided for in section 18(5) of the Children’s Act. This would be to dispense with the requirement that the co-guardian’s consent is required. The Court would make a decision as to what is in the child’s best interests. In our view, considering the relevant sections in the Constitution mentioned earlier, such an application would more than likely be successful. Now let us move to relocation which is almost never straightforward.

Relocation of minor children

There are many reasons why a parent needs to relocate to another country. One reason could be for better employment opportunities. The other reason could be due to marriage. If you have a child, you would want to take the child with you. Relocation is never an easy legal issue. For one, it means that a parent who regularly had contact to his or her child, would not only see the child via electronic means only, for example, Skype Video, but only physically, every few years. As mentioned earlier on, what the law looks at is what is in the child’s best interests. This is a difficult task for all concerned. For one, if the other parent refuses to consent, the court would then have to override such consent. But if the court does not do so, the question is, would the child be better cared for by the non-custodial parent. That is most probably the argument that the non-custodial parent would bring to the table. “The child must stay in South Africa, and I will look after her”. At the end of the day, after the court heard the arguments for the mother, and the father and all the experts involved, if any, the court would have to make the decision as to whether relocation with the parent would be in the child’s best interest. Deciding factors would be better living conditions and education for the minor child. Each case is different. But as always, what is best for the child would win the day.

Surname changes of minor children

Surname changes for minor children can be a bit tricky. Firstly, the Department of Home Affairs would require both parents to consent to any change. However, the decision is left up to the Director-General of Home Affairs to make that decision. A good reason for a surname change of a minor child is that he or she does not have the surname of his or her primary caregiver. Due to the fact that the minor child does not have the surname of the primary caregiver, issues could arise at school, when traveling, or socially. In such a case, a change of the minor child’s surname may be warranted. If the other parent does not consent to the application for a surname change, then the Court needs to be approached. The Court would have to decide whether or not the other parent is reasonable in their refusal and acting in the child’s best interests. If it is in the child’s best interest that an application for a surname change is made, then the Court would order it.