Passport Application for a minor child: Mother cannot find the father to provide the necessary consent at the Department of Home Affairs. The Application is therefore refused.

Passport Application for a minor child: It is not easy being a single parent, and at the same time, the primary caregiver of the child. This is even so where the other parent pays child support and regularly sees the child. This article deals with the situation where the father of the child is missing. He, therefore, does not pay any child support, nor has a relationship with the child. This causes a problem when it comes to issues of guardianship rights. For example, when the mother wants to enrol the child in a school or provide medical consent. The question would always arise – “where is the father?”, or “did the father give his consent?” When it comes to official matters, for example, the application for a passport, then things become more complicated. This is where the issue of parental consent for the application for a passport is looked at. Now let us first deal with the law.

Set up a Consultation with us.Parental Responsibilities and Rights of Fathers

In short, if a father was married to the mother, he would automatically have full parental responsibilities and rights to the child born from them. This includes the rights of care, contact and guardianship. If he was not married to the mother of the child, he can acquire parental responsibilities and rights. In short, in order for the unmarried father to acquire parental responsibilities and rights, he has to form part of the child’s life. He may also attempt to do so and the mother hinders it from happening. In the latter situation, he would still acquire parental responsibilities and rights.

The Unmarried Father’s Rights

The unmarried father can acquire parental responsibilities and rights to his child in a number of ways. They include paying child support, visiting the child and so on. Therefore, not all fathers would have parental responsibilities and rights over their children. Some fathers just impregnated the mothers and went missing. Such a father cannot rock up, 12 years later and demand to take the child with him to the movies. I think you understand the point  we are trying to make.

What is the legal effect of having parental responsibilities and rights over a child?

Should a father have parental responsibilities and rights over a child – he has certain defined rights. Those rights could either be absolute, or specific. An absolute right would be one of guardianship. An example would be an application for a passport or the removal of a child from the Republic. In the latter cases, the father’s consent is an absolute requirement which can only be taken away by a court of law. Then there are relative parental responsibilities and rights over a child. These rights depend on the circumstances of the case. An example would be that of visitation. A father who has parental responsibilities and rights of contact over a child cannot demand to see the child at any time. He may not even be able to demand to see the child half the time. His contact rights would be limited to what is in the child’s bests interests. And that would change from time to time. For example, should the father live 100km away from his children, contact could be every second weekend. But, should he live down the road, it could be every second day.

The Legal Problem for unmarried parents and their rights

The consent required in relation to the exercise of parental responsibilities and rights over certain children have challenges. How would anyone know whether or not an unmarried father has parental responsibilities and rights? For example, lets say the father was never involved in the child’s life – what proof does she have to show the authorities that the father does not have any parental responsibilities and rights? Would the Department of Home Affairs just accept the allegation made by the mother? I do not think so. And this could cause a problem in two ways. Let’s say the father has parental responsibilities and rights over a child. The mother however now wishes to relocate overseas. She tells the authorities at the Department of Home Affairs that she does not know where the father is, and he was never involved in the child’s life. If the Department of Home Affairs accepts her lie, the mother would be able to leave South Africa with the child, and without the father knowing. Let alone obtain his consent. On the other hand, let’s say that the father was really not involved in the child’s life since birth. He went missing after he found out the mother was pregnant. He never paid for any of the birthing costs, nor any of the child’s expenses since birth. Should the mother approach the Department of Home Affairs, would they allow her to obtain a passport without the father’s consent? We could be wrong, but we doubt they will.

What can a mother do if she does not have the consent from the father

As the law stands and with the current position of the Department of Home Affairs, the following needs to be done if the father refuses to give his consent, or cannot be found.

Application to the High Court

We advise that you consult with a legal advisor to advise you on the merits of your case. If there are merits, an application to the relevant court would be made. The Court would decide on the matter after hearing from both the parents. If it is decided that it would be best for the child to obtain a passport or relocate, the court would grant the appropriate order.

These are the documents that would form part of the Court file:

Notice of Motion

This document outlines the relief you are asking the court for. This would be the case where the details of the father is known.  Two of the clauses could be as follows:
  • The Respondent’s consent is not required for the departure of the minor child, Little One, with identity number 0813040502086 (hereafter referred to as “the minor child”), from the Republic of South Africa, and to relocate to France, as provided for in section 18(5) of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005;
  • The Respondent’s consent is not required for the return of the minor child to the Republic of South Africa for visits;

Founding Affidavit

In this document, you outline the facts of the matter. You would deal with why you want consent.

Opposing Affidavit

If the father opposes the Application, he would file this affidavit. In this document he would outline reasons why the court should not give consent.

Replying Affidavit

You would then get an opportunity to reply to the father’s allegations made.

Advice to parents who wants to relocate or temporary leave South Africa with the minor child

If you need to relocate, with a child, and the other parent refuses to give consent, speak to a legal advisor, or to us. They would advise you on your case, and if need be, assist or direct you to the proper people for an Application to court for an order that the requirement of consent is dispensed with. Should you be successful in such an application, the Order would be shown to the Department of Home Affairs when applying for a passport and when leaving the Country. The Officials would comply with the Order. The Order of Court can also be shown to the officials overseas should they want to know where the consent of the father is. [caption id="attachment_7081" align="alignleft" width="217"]Advocate Cape Town Lawyer Attorney Legal High Court Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf[/caption] In the same manner, should you want to leave South Africa to go overseas on holiday with the minor, approach us for advice should the other parent refuse to give consent. Your visit overseas could be to visit a family member, or just for a break. There should be no reason why you cannot take the minor child with you on holiday. [caption id="attachment_6387" align="alignleft" width="300"]Business Legal Advice - Cape Town Contact us today[/caption]

Sharing is Caring

This and other articles and posts found on this website are written by Adv. Muhammad Abduroaf to assist people with various family law related issues they may have. If you find any of our articles, free resources and posts interesting, or possibly useful to others, please like and share it on Social Media by clicking on the icons below. For business servics, visit Business SA.              
Posted on by Telelaw

Passport Application for a minor child: Mother cannot find the father to provide the necessary consent at the Department of Home Affairs. The Application is therefore refused.

Passport Application for a minor child: It is not easy being a single parent, and at the same time, the primary caregiver of the child. This is even so where the other parent pays child support and regularly sees the child. This article deals with the situation where the father of the child is missing. He, therefore, does not pay any child support, nor has a relationship with the child. This causes a problem when it comes to issues of guardianship rights. For example, when the mother wants to enrol the child in a school or provide medical consent. The question would always arise – “where is the father?”, or “did the father give his consent?” When it comes to official matters, for example, the application for a passport, then things become more complicated. This is where the issue of parental consent for the application for a passport is looked at. Now let us first deal with the law.

Set up a Consultation with us.Parental Responsibilities and Rights of Fathers

In short, if a father was married to the mother, he would automatically have full parental responsibilities and rights to the child born from them. This includes the rights of care, contact and guardianship. If he was not married to the mother of the child, he can acquire parental responsibilities and rights. In short, in order for the unmarried father to acquire parental responsibilities and rights, he has to form part of the child’s life. He may also attempt to do so and the mother hinders it from happening. In the latter situation, he would still acquire parental responsibilities and rights.

The Unmarried Father’s Rights

The unmarried father can acquire parental responsibilities and rights to his child in a number of ways. They include paying child support, visiting the child and so on. Therefore, not all fathers would have parental responsibilities and rights over their children. Some fathers just impregnated the mothers and went missing. Such a father cannot rock up, 12 years later and demand to take the child with him to the movies. I think you understand the point  we are trying to make.

What is the legal effect of having parental responsibilities and rights over a child?

Should a father have parental responsibilities and rights over a child – he has certain defined rights. Those rights could either be absolute, or specific. An absolute right would be one of guardianship. An example would be an application for a passport or the removal of a child from the Republic. In the latter cases, the father’s consent is an absolute requirement which can only be taken away by a court of law.

Then there are relative parental responsibilities and rights over a child. These rights depend on the circumstances of the case. An example would be that of visitation. A father who has parental responsibilities and rights of contact over a child cannot demand to see the child at any time. He may not even be able to demand to see the child half the time. His contact rights would be limited to what is in the child’s bests interests. And that would change from time to time. For example, should the father live 100km away from his children, contact could be every second weekend. But, should he live down the road, it could be every second day.

The Legal Problem for unmarried parents and their rights

The consent required in relation to the exercise of parental responsibilities and rights over certain children have challenges. How would anyone know whether or not an unmarried father has parental responsibilities and rights? For example, lets say the father was never involved in the child’s life – what proof does she have to show the authorities that the father does not have any parental responsibilities and rights? Would the Department of Home Affairs just accept the allegation made by the mother? I do not think so. And this could cause a problem in two ways.

Let’s say the father has parental responsibilities and rights over a child. The mother however now wishes to relocate overseas. She tells the authorities at the Department of Home Affairs that she does not know where the father is, and he was never involved in the child’s life. If the Department of Home Affairs accepts her lie, the mother would be able to leave South Africa with the child, and without the father knowing. Let alone obtain his consent.

On the other hand, let’s say that the father was really not involved in the child’s life since birth. He went missing after he found out the mother was pregnant. He never paid for any of the birthing costs, nor any of the child’s expenses since birth. Should the mother approach the Department of Home Affairs, would they allow her to obtain a passport without the father’s consent? We could be wrong, but we doubt they will.

What can a mother do if she does not have the consent from the father

As the law stands and with the current position of the Department of Home Affairs, the following needs to be done if the father refuses to give his consent, or cannot be found.

Application to the High Court

We advise that you consult with a legal advisor to advise you on the merits of your case. If there are merits, an application to the relevant court would be made. The Court would decide on the matter after hearing from both the parents. If it is decided that it would be best for the child to obtain a passport or relocate, the court would grant the appropriate order.

These are the documents that would form part of the Court file:

Notice of Motion

This document outlines the relief you are asking the court for. This would be the case where the details of the father is known.  Two of the clauses could be as follows:

  • The Respondent’s consent is not required for the departure of the minor child, Little One, with identity number 0813040502086 (hereafter referred to as “the minor child”), from the Republic of South Africa, and to relocate to France, as provided for in section 18(5) of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005;
  • The Respondent’s consent is not required for the return of the minor child to the Republic of South Africa for visits;

Founding Affidavit

In this document, you outline the facts of the matter. You would deal with why you want consent.

Opposing Affidavit

If the father opposes the Application, he would file this affidavit. In this document he would outline reasons why the court should not give consent.

Replying Affidavit

You would then get an opportunity to reply to the father’s allegations made.

Advice to parents who wants to relocate or temporary leave South Africa with the minor child

If you need to relocate, with a child, and the other parent refuses to give consent, speak to a legal advisor, or to us. They would advise you on your case, and if need be, assist or direct you to the proper people for an Application to court for an order that the requirement of consent is dispensed with. Should you be successful in such an application, the Order would be shown to the Department of Home Affairs when applying for a passport and when leaving the Country. The Officials would comply with the Order. The Order of Court can also be shown to the officials overseas should they want to know where the consent of the father is.

Advocate Cape Town Lawyer Attorney Legal High Court
Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf

In the same manner, should you want to leave South Africa to go overseas on holiday with the minor, approach us for advice should the other parent refuse to give consent. Your visit overseas could be to visit a family member, or just for a break. There should be no reason why you cannot take the minor child with you on holiday.

Business Legal Advice - Cape Town
Contact us today

Sharing is Caring

This and other articles and posts found on this website are written by Adv. Muhammad Abduroaf to assist people with various family law related issues they may have. If you find any of our articles, free resources and posts interesting, or possibly useful to others, please like and share it on Social Media by clicking on the icons below.

For business servics, visit Business SA.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Related Post

I am a Muslim and married. What is the best legal advice you can provide to a Muslim Couple getting divorced in South Africa?

Although Muslim marriages in South Africa are not formally legislated yet, Muslims married in terms of Muslim Rites are afforded broad recognition and protection when it comes to the enforcement of their rights. However, until such time that parliament passes laws that deal explicitly with Muslim marriages and the legal consequence thereof, South Africans would be dependent on Courts to enforce their rights. It should also be noted that if a South African Court makes a ruling that affects Muslim marriages, it does not mean that the Court ruling is Shariah Compliant. The laws of Islam cannot be tainted by secular Courts, no matter how good their intentions are. Therefore, before approaching a South African court to deal with an aspect of your Islamic marriage, ensure that you first obtain the proper Sharia advice.

When is the best time to seek legal advice from an attorney or advocate if I want to divorce my spouse?

The best time to seek legal advice is before the actual talaq of faskh. You would then know your rights regarding your property, personal maintenance (alimony), child maintenance, child custody and so on. You and your spouse can then discuss these issues and come to an amicable agreement. This is the first prize, as no one wants to spend money on lawyers’ fees to resolve simple issues after divorce. It may be ideal to utilise an attorney’s services or advocate to draft a legally binding settlement agreement. If you and your spouse cannot agree regarding the item mentioned above, then unfortunately, those issues would have to be resolved in a court of law. This is what this article deals with.

How do we best deal with the issue of jointly owned property after the Islamic Divorce?

If you and your spouse own jointly owned property, for example, a house, you can continue owing it together after the marriage. However, if one of you wants to sell it and the other does not, you would need to approach the High Court to terminate the joint ownership. This can be a very long and expensive process. It would entail applying to the court for an order outlining how the property must be sold. It may first be sold via private sale and, if not possible, via a public auction. The court can also order how the proceeds should be divided. It is best to consult with an attorney or advocate in this regard.

What is the best way to resolve care and contact issues regarding minor children after a talaq or faskh?

For any legal matter, it is best to resolve issues without the need to approach a Court of Law. In the case of a Muslim marriage where there are minor children involved, it may be the best option. This is because children are negatively affected if parents litigate over them. However, it must be done if it is the only option because parents cannot see eye to eye. However, before considering litigation regarding your children, it is best to try to mediate the dispute. We suggest using a professional like a social worker, psychologist, or suitably qualified person to resolve the dispute. Most of the time, it works.

How do I apply to the Children’s Court for contact with my child?

To apply for child custody in South Africa, you may approach the Children’s Court in the area where the child resides or where the custody dispute arose. The process involves completing a form, which can be obtained from the court or downloaded from the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development’s website. You must provide details of yourself, the child, and the person you claim custody. It would be best to give reasons for your claim and any evidence that may support your case. Once the application has been submitted, the court will set a hearing date, and both parties must attend. At the hearing, the court will consider the best interests of the child and may also appoint a social worker to investigate and report on the child’s circumstances. The court may also order mediation to try and resolve the dispute amicably. It is important to note that custody disputes can be emotionally draining and stressful for all parties involved, especially the child. It is, therefore, advisable to seek legal advice and support from a family law attorney or advocate who can guide you through the process and ensure that your rights and the child’s best interests are protected.

What is the best way to resolve child maintenance issues regarding minor children after a talaq or faskh?

In South Africa, each parent must maintain their child according to their mean. This applies to all parents, whether or not they were married to each other in terms of Muslim Rites, Civil law, or not married at all. Before parents venture into a Faskh or Talaq, they need to discuss whether they will be paying for the minor children after they divorce. They must discuss who will pay the school fees, extra-mural, and medical expenses. If the child will be living with the mother primarily, then the father would need to pay the mother cash maintenance as well. This needs to be resolved as soon as possible. If the parents cannot resolve the issues regarding child maintenance amounts themselves, the parent claiming maintenance would need to approach the maintenance court as soon as possible. There is no need to wait until the marriage has first been resolved.

How do I apply for Child Maintenance if I am married Islamically?

The process to apply for child maintenance is the same for everyone. Whether or not you are married or not. You would need to approach the maintenance court in the area where the child resides or where the maintenance defaulter resides. The process involves completing a form which can be obtained from the court or downloaded from the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development’s website. You must provide details of yourself, the child, and the person you are claiming maintenance from. You will also need to provide proof of your income, the expenses incurred for the child, and the expenses of the person from whom you are claiming maintenance. Once the application has been submitted, the court will set a hearing date, and both parties must attend. At the hearing, the court will consider the financial circumstances of both parties and make a maintenance order, which will determine the amount of maintenance that needs to be paid.

I require legal assistance after my Talaq or Faskh. What is the best way to obtain legal advice or assistance?

If you require legal advice or assistance before or after your Talaq or Faskh, schedule an appointment using the link www.ourlaywer.co.za/advice. We would be able to advise and assist you where necessary.

Posted on by Telelaw

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