parenting plan, child custody, visitation rights, Cape Town
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I am not happy with the Court’s decision. I believe it was unfair. What can I do? Can I take the decision on Appeal to the High Court, Supreme Court of Appeal, or the Constitutional Court?
If you have an issue that can best be resolved through a court of law, then instituting legal proceedings is what you must do. This would apply if someone owed you money, you have a dispute regarding your rights, or you want to have access to your child. If you were a party to a legal matter that was adjudicated in a Court of Law in South Africa, and you are not happy with the outcome, you have a right to appeal the decision. This article deals broadly with the issue of appeal to the High Court, Supreme Court of Appeal, or the Constitutional Court. Please note the appeal process from the Magistrate’s Court to the High Court is different from that of the High Court to the Supreme Court of Appeal and the Constitutional Court. Therefore, only take this article as a guide. Consult with an attorney or advocate should you require more, and specific information relating to your case.Trial or Application Court Decision:
The legal process typically begins with a trial or application court, where a judge or magistrate makes a decision on a case. This would be the court of first instance.Notice of Appeal:
If a party is dissatisfied with the decision of the court of first instance, they may file a notice of appeal within a specified time frame, indicating their intention to appeal. This document should be well drafted as the appeal court, court of first instance, and the parties involved would need to know what is the basis for your appeal.Obtaining the Record of Proceedings:
The appellant (party filing the appeal) must obtain a complete record of the proceedings from the trial court. This record includes the transcripts, evidence, and other relevant documents. Basically, the appeal court would determine whether the court of first instance erred in its judgment based on the information before it.Preparation of Appeal Documents:
The appellant, through legal representation, prepares the necessary appeal documents, which typically include a notice of appeal, a concise statement of the grounds of appeal, and other relevant documents.Filing the Appeal:
The appeal documents are filed with the appropriate appellate court, along with the required fees.Service on the Other Party:
The appellant is usually required to serve a copy of the appeal documents on the other party or parties involved in the case.Respondent’s Answering Affidavit:
The respondent (the other party) may file an answering affidavit responding to the grounds of appeal.Heads of Argument:
Both parties submit written arguments (heads of argument) outlining their legal positions to the court before the appeal hearing. This would assist the appeal court when dealing with the case.Appeal Hearing:
The appellate court conducts a hearing where both parties present their arguments. The court may ask questions, and the parties or their legal representatives may respond.Judgment:
The appeal court delivers a judgment either immediately after the hearing or at a later date. The judgment may affirm, set aside, or modify the decision of the trial court.Further Appeals:
In some cases, there may be the possibility of further appeals to higher courts, such as the Supreme Court of Appeal or the Constitutional Court, depending on the nature of the case. It’s crucial to consult with a legal professional or refer to the latest legal resources for the most up-to-date and accurate information on the appeal process in South Africa. Legal procedures can change, and specific details may vary depending on the type of case and the court involved. If you are unhappy with a court decision and require legal assistance regarding a possible appeal, feel free to contact us for assistance.
Posted on by Telelaw
Relocation with my minor child to Austria, Vienna (Consent and Refusal) – Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf
The world is becoming a much smaller place, and technology plays a huge role. People are moving across the world for employment, love and happiness, something that was not the norm a few decades ago. There is no reason why you should remain in South Africa if you can find a better life for yourself and your family overseas. Moving overseas may provide you with the quality of life you want or the possibility of experiencing things you always wanted. The same applies to your child or children relocating with you. Relocation of your minor child to Vienna, Austria
If you are single and do not have any minor children, then moving around the world would not be too complicated. All you need to do is ensure that you have the necessary travel documentation and travel ticket (and spending money), and off you go. However, if you want to travel with your minor children (for example, ages five or six) or relocate to another country, things may not be that simple. Firstly, if there is another parent, and he or she has parental responsibilities and rights, then his or her consent is required. For example, let us say you live in George or Umlazi, South Africa, and you want to relocate to Vienna, Austria, you would require the other parent’s consent to leave South Africa with your minor child. This can cause challenges, especially if the staying parent (in South Africa) does not agree to the relocation. What about Passport Consent to travel or relocate to Vienna, Austria?
The same applies when it comes to your minor child applying for a South African passport to relocate to Austria, or any country. Both parents who have parental responsibilities and rights of guardianship will have to consent to the minor child’s passport application as well. In this regard, both parents have to be at the Department of Home Affairs (or the relevant bank that also assists with passport application) when making the Application with the minor child. This can be challenging if you have a disinterested parent who does not want to cooperate with the passport application. As you will see later, legal action would need to be taken. What are the steps to follow when I want to relocate to Vienna, Austria with my minor child? There is another parent.
To simplify the process for relocation, the first step would be to receive the other parent’s consent in principle for the relocation and that he or she will co-operate in this regard. Once that has been resolved, the parent relocating would need to make the appointment for the minor child’s passport application as well as the application for the relevant VISA. Each country has different requirements; however, seeing that it is a relocation, you need to apply for the correct VISA. For that, you need the Passport.
Once the visa and travel arrangements have been finalised, the parent remaining behind will sign a parental consent letter for the international travel. That letter can be found on the Department of Home Affairs website. Basically, the parent remaining behind would state that he or she gives consent for the minor child to leave the Republic of South Africa and travel and/or relocate to Vienna, Austria. What can I do if the other parent does not want to consent to the minor child’s relocation to Vienna, Austria?
If the parent remaining in South Africa does not want to consent to the minor child’s passport application and/or his or her relocation to Vienna, Austria, then you would need to approach the Court. The Court, as upper guardian of the minor child, may order that the parent’s consent for the passport application and relocation be dispensed with. What this entails is submitting Court documents explaining why you want to relocate to Vienna, Austria. The other parent would also have an opportunity to give reasons why he or she objects.
At the end of the process, the Court would determine what is in the minor child’s best interests. If it is in the minor child’s best interests to relocate to Vienna, Austria, the Court would make it possible despite the issue of consent or refusal. What is the first step I should take if the other parent does not want to consent to the minor child’s passport application and/or relocation to Vienna, Austria?
If the other parent does not want to consent to the passport application and/or the relocation of the minor child to Vienna, Austria – in that case, we suggest you approach an attorney or advocate (trust account) to assist you with the legal process. He or she would then contact the other parent explaining the reasons for the relocation and request the necessary consent. If the parent remaining in South Africa does still not agree to the passport application and/or to the relocation to Vienna, Austria, then the attorney or advocate will proceed to take the matter to court. The legal route can be expensive. However, it is necessary to make the relocation of the minor child possible. You may also attend to the legal process yourself. Getting legal assistance or help with your relocation application to Vienna, Austria
If you require legal assistance or representation with relocating to Vienna, Austria due to the other parent not cooperating or providing consent, then feel free to contact us for assistance. The Firm Advocate, Muhammad Abduroaf, deals with these types of matters.
Posted on by Telelaw
Could you kindly enlighten me on the meaning of a Trust Account Advocate in South Africa? I would greatly appreciate your clarification on this matter.
Trust Account Advocate – A relatively new concept
The concept of a Trust Account Advocate is relatively new in South Africa. Previously, all advocates were referral advocates. What this meant is that they could only receive work from an attorney. There were some exceptions. A Trust Account Advocate, on the other hand, can obtain work directly from members of the public. There is, therefore, no need for an instructing attorney.What is an advocate?
An advocate, just as an attorney, is a professional who is qualified and licensed to practice law, advise clients, and represent them in legal matters. They are also responsible for upholding the law and protecting the rights of their clients. As you can see below, there is a distinction between attorneys and advocates. And between referral advocates and Trust Account Advocates.What are the various forms of legal practice in South Africa?
There three forms of legal practice in South Africa. This is according to the Legal Practice Act 28 of 2014. Here, section 34 of the Legal Practice Act applies which states: 34 Forms of legal practice (1) An attorney may render legal services in expectation of any fee, commission, gain, or reward as contemplated in this Act or any other applicable law, upon receipt of a request directly from the public for that service. (2) (a) An advocate may render legal services in expectation of a fee, commission, gain or reward as contemplated in this Act or any other applicable law- (i) upon receipt of a brief from an attorney; or (ii) upon receipt of a request directly from a member of the public or from a justice centre for that service, subject to paragraph (b). (b) An advocate contemplated in paragraph (a) (ii) may only render those legal services rendered by advocates before the commencement of this Act as determined by the Council in the rules, if he or she- (i) is in possession of a Fidelity Fund certificate and conducts his or her practice in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter 7, with particular reference to sections 84, 85, 86 and 87; (ii) has notified the Council thereof in terms of section 30 (1) (b) (ii). (c) An advocate may render legal services in criminal or civil matters in expectation of a fee, commission, gain or reward as contemplated in this Act or any other applicable law upon receipt of a request directly from a justice centre for that service, in which event the provisions of paragraph (b) do not apply.What type of advocate is Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf
Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf is a Trust Account Advocate. He may, therefore, obtain work directly from the public. When clients pay him in advance for legal services, they pay the fees into his Trust Account.
Posted on by Telelaw