Confirming a father’s Parental Responsibilities and Rights to his Child

advice-child-maintenance-child-custody-divorceIn the past, the terms Custody and Access was used in relation to the rights of parents to children. Now the terms Care and Contact are used. The term visitation may also be mentioned as well. According to the Children’s Act of 2005, both parents have full parental responsibilities and rights in relation to a child. There are however certain exceptions.  If there is a dispute regarding that, then the father may have to make an application to the High Court confirming his responsibilities and rights and enforcing them. This can turn out to be a costly affair. You may do it yourself.  If, however, a father has to take that route, it is strongly suggested that he gets hold of an attorney. – Adv. Muhammad Abduroaf LL.B LL. M – Advocate of the High Court of South Africa.

The Court Application

A Notice of Motion should be drafted. This notice is supported with a Founding Affidavit. Sometimes confirmatory affidavits are attached as well. The documents would further be filed with the Office of the Family Advocate. Once the Application is served on the mother, she would then have an opportunity to file her opposing papers (if any). The father will then have an opportunity to reply. Once a date is provided by the Registrar of the Court, the matter would be argued before a Judge who would make a decision with or without a Family Advocate’s Report. Urgent applications can also be made, but here an experienced attorney and advocate are required as time is of the essence.

What the father would basically be asking for is the following:

An Order directing that the parties (mother and father) are co-holders of parental responsibilities and rights in respect of the minor child, in terms of the Children’s Act, 38 of 2005 (“the Children’s Act”) as follows:
  • the parties are co-holders of guardianship over the minor child as provided in Section 18(2(c); 18(3); 18(4) and 18(5) of the Children’s Act;
  • the parties shall be co-holders of parental responsibilities and rights of care and contact in respect of the minor child as referred to in Section 18(2)(a) and (b) of the Children’s Act; and
  • How such rights of care and contact shall be implemented.
The Court will hear the matter and make a decision. If all goes well, the Court would grant the Order confirming the father’s parental responsibilities and rights.

advice-child-maintenance-child-custody-divorceSharing is Caring

This and other articles and posts found on this website are written by Adv. Muhammad Abduroaf to assist people with various family law related issues they may have. If you find any of our articles, free resources and posts interesting, or possibly useful to others, please like and share it on Social Media by clicking on the icons below. For more interesting articles and information on Family Law, view our articles and Q&A page. If you have a family law related legal issue and you want someone to answer or reply to it, feel free to post it on our Family Law Blog. Therefore, kindly like and share. Should you require any other legal services and advice, not related to family law, visit Private Legal.  
Posted on by Telelaw

Confirming a father’s Parental Responsibilities and Rights to his Child

advice-child-maintenance-child-custody-divorceIn the past, the terms Custody and Access was used in relation to the rights of parents to children. Now the terms Care and Contact are used. The term visitation may also be mentioned as well. According to the Children’s Act of 2005, both parents have full parental responsibilities and rights in relation to a child. There are however certain exceptions.  If there is a dispute regarding that, then the father may have to make an application to the High Court confirming his responsibilities and rights and enforcing them. This can turn out to be a costly affair. You may do it yourself.  If, however, a father has to take that route, it is strongly suggested that he gets hold of an attorney. – Adv. Muhammad Abduroaf LL.B LL. M – Advocate of the High Court of South Africa.

The Court Application

A Notice of Motion should be drafted. This notice is supported with a Founding Affidavit. Sometimes confirmatory affidavits are attached as well. The documents would further be filed with the Office of the Family Advocate. Once the Application is served on the mother, she would then have an opportunity to file her opposing papers (if any). The father will then have an opportunity to reply. Once a date is provided by the Registrar of the Court, the matter would be argued before a Judge who would make a decision with or without a Family Advocate’s Report. Urgent applications can also be made, but here an experienced attorney and advocate are required as time is of the essence.

What the father would basically be asking for is the following:

An Order directing that the parties (mother and father) are co-holders of parental responsibilities and rights in respect of the minor child, in terms of the Children’s Act, 38 of 2005 (“the Children’s Act”) as follows:

  • the parties are co-holders of guardianship over the minor child as provided in Section 18(2(c); 18(3); 18(4) and 18(5) of the Children’s Act;
  • the parties shall be co-holders of parental responsibilities and rights of care and contact in respect of the minor child as referred to in Section 18(2)(a) and (b) of the Children’s Act; and
  • How such rights of care and contact shall be implemented.

The Court will hear the matter and make a decision. If all goes well, the Court would grant the Order confirming the father’s parental responsibilities and rights.

advice-child-maintenance-child-custody-divorceSharing is Caring

This and other articles and posts found on this website are written by Adv. Muhammad Abduroaf to assist people with various family law related issues they may have. If you find any of our articles, free resources and posts interesting, or possibly useful to others, please like and share it on Social Media by clicking on the icons below. For more interesting articles and information on Family Law, view our articles and Q&A page. If you have a family law related legal issue and you want someone to answer or reply to it, feel free to post it on our Family Law Blog. Therefore, kindly like and share.

Should you require any other legal services and advice, not related to family law, visit Private Legal.

 

Related Post

Parental consent for a minor child’s enrolment into a school – What can you do if co-guardianship consent is refused?

Children have a right to a decent education—one which would benefit them in life. Every caring parent wants to give their child the best education possible according to their specific circumstances and station in life.  Not all parents earn the same amount of money or have access the best type of education. However, most parents will do their best, which the law and society expect of all parents. In doing so, they ensure that their child has the best opportunities in life.

Parents co-operating in educating their minor children

It is vitally important for parents to co-operate when it comes to their minor child’s education. This relates to the enrollment into a school, the paying of school fees, transportation, parent involvement, homework, etc. If one parent does not wish to be involved in the child’s education, they should not hinder or obstruct the other parent from attending to the minor child’s education. For example, if the primary caregiver wants to enrol the minor child into a school, the other parent should co-operate in signing the necessary documents etc. It would be gravely unfortunate if a child’s right to a reasonable education is being prejudiced because the uninterested parent does not want to co-operate.

Parents not agreeing on the school the minor child should attend

Having dealt with the critical aspect of a minor child receiving a decent education and them co-operating; parents sometimes have conflicting views on what type of education is in the minor child’s best interests. Disputes may arise as to what school the minor child should attend or the subjects they should do. Parents being unable to agree on the essential aspects of the minor child’s education can cause severe problems for the minor child’s future. The law does not expect parents to agree on all aspects of the minor child’s education. However, the disagreement should not compromise the minor child’s education. If there is an impasse, a parent must give in. The law, therefore, expects parents to agree on those important issues regarding the minor child’s education and work together on making the minor child’s educational journey as smooth as possible.

Where do most educational disputes stem from?

Most parental disputes regarding a minor child’s education arise when the parents are separated or not living together. Here the reference is made to divorced parents or parents who were in a relationship and now separated. This is unfortunate as the minor child already has to deal with having parents living in separate homes and sharing time with each parent. It is not the minor child’s fault that his or her parents are not together or have issues. An issue may be where one parent prefers a school closer to their home and the other closer to their work. Or a parent prefers the minor child to attend a school which historically excelled in sport or academia.

Issue of affordability of education

Other considerations are that of affordability or the cost of education. One parent may not be able to afford the school fees of the current or new school. These are challenges that are not easy to resolve. When it comes to money issues, it is difficult to find solutions without looking into the parents’ pocket. This also comes with its own challenges. This is so as you would have to firstly deal with the issue of what is a better school for the minor child, and then the issue of affordability, location and so on. It is easy to determine which school is in theory better than the other by ticking off boxes. However, if school fees would not be paid, the exercise may be futile, when dealing with schools outside the affordability bracket of the parents.

When does the issue of a change in schooling arise?

Most of the minor child’s educational disputes between the parents comes to play when the child has to enrol into a new school. Usually in grade R or grade 7. If the child is attending a school, parents would usually not bring up any issues until those grades have been completed (or are soon to be completed). As a primary care giver of your child, you would want to ensure that your child has a school ready to attend the following year. You would also want to ensure that the school is an ideal school, considering the fees, location, subjects they offer and so on. If you leave this issue of application and enrolment into schools too late, you may end up having to enrol your child into as school far from your home or work. It may happen that the school your child ultimately attends do not have the curriculum you want for your child.

Parental consent for enrolment into a new school

Schools require both guardians of a minor child to enrol them into a school. This is especially so if the father’s name is on the birth certificate. If the parents are separated, and either parent is uncooperative, the child may not get accepted into a school timeously or into the best-suited school for him or her. If parents have their own personal issues between the two of them, then the situation becomes worse. One parent may try to use his or her right to consent as leverage for something else. For example, he or she will only consent if her or she does not have to pay any school fees.

What do you do if parental consent is not provided?

If there is a dispute regarding the school your child should attend, and it cannot be resolved between the parents; we suggest you try to mediate the issue with an experienced mediator or family counsellor. If that does not happen because the other parent does not want to partake, or the outcome is unsatisfactory to you, then you would have to approach the Court for assistance in resolving the matter. This is unfortunate as the child is the one who would suffer as he or she would be attending the school. The Court can make an order that only one parent’s consent is required for the enrolment of the minor child into a school.

What does the Court look at when deciding on parental consent?

As always, the court always looks at what is in the minor child’s best interest when it comes to issues surrounding him or her. Therefore, when it comes to parental consent issues in relation to education, the court would have to decide what is best for the minor child. Is it best that the minor child attend school A, or School B.? Before the court so decides, it would firstly hear from both parents. It may even ask the Office of the Family Advocate to first investigate and give their recommendations.

Court overriding the parents rights

If the court orders that School B would be best, then it would order that the parent who does not support School B should provide his or her consent, failing which, his or her consent is dispensed with. This process can take very long and can become very expensive. It would have been best if the parents used their money towards the minor child’s education. At the end of the day, litigation does not serve the minor child in the long run, especially when it comes to his or her education.    
Posted on by Telelaw

Most family law matters come with heightened emotions and stress. It, however, does not always have to be that way. Staying focused and rational is important to get the best results.

Many legal practitioners will tell you, the one aspect of family law, that differentiates it from other branches of law, is the emotions that it brings to their clients. It would often happen that a client breaks down, or sheds a tear in your office. This is understandable, as family law issues have a lot of history behind it. Even simple family law legal matters, for example, the terms of an antenuptial contract, can stir emotion. The lawyer under such cases has to act as a mediator, pacifier and legal advisor at the same time.

Types of family law matters that cause heightened emotions and anxiety

Before we delve into this topic, let us first bring things into perspective. These are some of the family law matters we are referring to:
  • Divorces (Contested or Undefended);
  • Domestic Violence matters;
  • Child maintenance disputes; and
  • Child custody disputes.
The actual list is more extensive. You may even want to consider including last wills and testaments and winding up of deceased estates. As can be seen from the types of matters mentioned, there are always children involved or personal relationships. Some of these relationships have lasted for decades. We often see people who were married for more than 30 years, getting divorced. And in other cases, the relationship, albeit personal, could have been for a very short while, but still, elicit a lot of emotions. For example, a domestic violence family legal matter.

The personal nature of family matters makes it harder to deal with

One of the challenges for a legal practitioner is to try to convince the client that he or she should trust the law, and not focus too much on the other party. For example, in a divorce matter, where a spouse has been abused or constantly been bullied during the relationship. The abused spouse would very often agree to sign away everything just to get divorced speedily. This is not only unfair but could lead to many issues in the future. This situation must be avoided at all costs.

Intimidation in abusive relationships

Then we have the challenge in a domestic violence matter. A party who has been abused would agree on withdrawing an application for a protection order, even though it is dangerous to do so. Or there is the situation where a party would agree that a protection order is issued against them due to being intimidated either by the other party or by his or her lawyer. This they do not do because of having committed domestic violence, but just to get the matter over and done with. The consequence of that is the applying party would have an interdict and a warrant of arrest against you which may be abused.

Intimidation in child maintenance or alimony cases

We cannot count the number of times we have been told that the reason why a parent does not want to approach the maintenance court, is due to being told by the other parent that he or she will get much less than what they are currently receiving. This is emotional and psychological abuse and not in the child’s best interest. One reason for believing the abuser is due to the relationship the parties had. The abuser was controlling and abusive during the relationship, and the victim has been brainwashed into believing everything the abuser said.

What people must try to understand in family legal matters?

Although it is understandable for someone to be anxious when dealing with family law related matters, it is important to note that issues need to be dealt with properly. If your spouse was abusive during your relationship, that does not mean it has to continue after your relationship ended. There are laws in place to protect people from abuse and violence. For example, the Domestic Violence Act. If you make use of the law, you would have a better chance of getting the legal results you want. Go to the police if necessary.

Final words to people who are intimidated by, or is afraid of the other party

Although it is easier said than done, we implore people not to allow themselves to be bullied when it comes to family law matters. This includes being intimidated by the other party, or his or her lawyer. If you have rights; enforce them. Believe in yourself and your cause and others will learn to respect it. Many cases are won by unrepresented litigants who were up against a team of lawyers. Moreover, no one has the right to belittle you or deny you of your rights. Take a stand and fight for what is right. We are certain that you found the above article useful and interesting. Please consider sharing it on the share buttons below. They include Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, WhatsApp, Gmail and more. Someone may find it useful as well. Should you require business advice or services, feel free to click on these links: Business SA | Private Legal | Envirolaws  

Posted on by Telelaw

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