Could you kindly enlighten me on the meaning of a Trust Account Advocate in South Africa? I would greatly appreciate your clarification on this matter. Trust Account Advocate – A relatively new concept The concept of a Trust Account Advocate is relatively new in South Africa. Previously, all advocates were referral advocates. What Continue Reading
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Finding the right lawyer (Attorney or Advocate) to fight for you in your contractual dispute in Cape Town. Read further below about a “Bulldog Lawyer”)
Contract law is the bedrock of business and day-to-day transactions, providing a framework for parties to define their rights, obligations, and expectations. However, disputes can arise when one or more parties feel that the terms of the contract have been violated. This can apply to an employment contract, lease agreement, marriage contract, or one where you lent someone money. Even buying groceries at your local grocery is a contractual transaction. You pay, and he provides you with the goods. The list is endless.
All is good until someone violates the terms of the contract. This is where you may want to use an attorney or advocate in Cape Town. Read further below about what is referred to as a “bulldog lawyer”. If the other side is playing hardball or has a bulldog lawyer, then having a tough lawyer who takes no-nonsense is something that you must consider. Please note that the law on contractual disputes would be the same whether you live in Cape Town or any other city in South Africa.
Let us get into the theory. Navigating the complexities of contract law disputes requires a clear understanding of the legal principles and practical strategies for resolution.
Critical Elements of Contract Law are as follows:
Formation of Contract:
Before delving into disputes, it’s essential to understand how contracts are formed. A valid contract typically requires an offer, acceptance, consideration, legal capacity, and legality of purpose. Disputes may arise if any of these elements are in question. If you are entering into a high value contact, it may be best to consult with an advocate or attorney beforehand.
Types of Contracts:
Contracts can take various forms, such as express, implied, unilateral, and bilateral. Understanding the nature of the contract is crucial in determining the rights and obligations of the parties involved.
Common Contract Disputes:
Breach of Contract:
The most prevalent type of contract dispute arises from a breach. This occurs when one party fails to fulfil its obligations outlined in the contract. It could involve non-payment, incomplete performance, or failure to deliver goods or services.
Misrepresentation:
If one party makes false statements that induce another to enter a contract, it may lead to a dispute. Misrepresentation can be innocent, negligent, or fraudulent, each carrying different legal consequences.
Duress and Undue Influence:
Contracts entered under duress or undue influence may be deemed voidable. If one party was coerced or pressured into an agreement, it could lead to a dispute over the contract’s validity.
What follows are resolution strategies when it comes to contract disputes.
Negotiation:
Often, disputes can be resolved through negotiation. Parties can discuss the issues, explore compromises, and reach a mutually acceptable resolution without legal action. You should use a tough lawyer to represent you if the other side is unreasonable.
Mediation:
Mediation involves a neutral third-party facilitating discussions between the parties to help them resolve. It is a voluntary and confidential process that can be less adversarial than litigation.
Arbitration:
Arbitration is a more formal process where an arbitrator or a panel makes a binding decision after hearing both sides. It provides a faster and more private resolution compared to traditional court proceedings.
Litigation:
If all else fails, parties may resort to litigation. This involves taking the dispute to court, presenting evidence, and having a judge decide. Litigation can be time-consuming and costly, but it provides a definitive resolution.
Conclusion:
Contract law disputes are an inherent risk in business transactions, but understanding the principles and available resolution strategies can mitigate potential damage. Whether through negotiation, mediation, arbitration, or litigation, the goal is to find a fair and just resolution that upholds the integrity of the contractual relationship. As businesses continue to engage in complex transactions, a comprehensive understanding of contract law and dispute resolution mechanisms is essential for navigating the legal landscape successfully. When meeting with an advocate or attorney to assist you in your contractual dispute, discuss the above issues or factors with him or her to find out if they know what they are talking about.
What is a bulldog lawyer?
A “bulldog lawyer” is a colloquial term used to describe a lawyer (attorney or advocate) known for their aggressive and tenacious approach to legal representation. The term draws an analogy between the lawyer’s characteristics and those of a bulldog, known for its solid and determined demeanour. Bulldog lawyers are often associated with being assertive, persistent, and unwavering in pursuing their client’s interests.
Key characteristics of a bulldog lawyer may include:
Aggressiveness: Bulldog lawyers are known for their assertive and forceful advocacy on behalf of their clients. They are unafraid to challenge opponents and vigorously pursue their client’s objectives.
Tenacity:
Bulldog lawyers are persistent and determined in their legal pursuits. They may be willing to go to great lengths to achieve their client’s goals and are known for not easily giving up in the face of challenges.
Fearlessness:
Bulldog lawyers are often unafraid to take on tough cases or confront powerful adversaries. They may be known for their willingness to face complex legal battles head-on.
Advocacy Skills: Bulldog lawyers possess strong advocacy skills, including effective communication, negotiation, and litigation abilities. They can passionately argue their client’s case in court or during negotiations.
Strategic Thinking:
While aggressive, bulldog lawyers are also strategic in their approach. They carefully plan their legal strategies and tactics to achieve the best possible outcome for their clients.
It’s important to note that “bulldog lawyer” can have positive and negative connotations. On the positive side, it highlights an attorney’s dedication and commitment to their clients. On the negative side, it may suggest an overly aggressive or abrasive style that may not be suitable for all legal matters or personalities.
Finding the right lawyer (Attorney or Advocate) to fight for you in your contractual dispute in Cape Town. Read further below about a “Bulldog Lawyer”) Contract law is the bedrock of business and day-to-day transactions, providing a framework for parties to define their rights, obligations, and expectations. However, disputes can Continue Reading
My marriage has broken down. I want to find the best divorce lawyer (Attorney or Advocate) in South Africa for my case. How do I do it?
Finding the best divorce lawyer in South Africa involves thorough research and consideration of various factors. Here are some steps to help you find a reputable divorce lawyer:Ask for Recommendations:
- Seek recommendations from friends, family, or colleagues who have gone through a divorce or have legal knowledge.
- Consult with other professionals you trust, such as accountants, therapists, or even other lawyers.
Online Research:
- Use online legal directories and platforms that provide information about lawyers in South Africa.
- Read reviews and testimonials from previous clients to gauge the lawyer’s reputation.
Bar Councils or Law Societies:
- Contact the Law Society of South Africa, Legal Practice Council, or the provincial bar association. They can provide a list of qualified divorce lawyers, attorneys or advocates.
Consult with Multiple Lawyers:
- Schedule consultations with several divorce lawyers to discuss your case and assess their expertise and approach.
- Inquire about their experience in handling divorce cases, especially those similar to yours.
Check Credentials:
- Verify the lawyer’s credentials, including their education, licensing, and any additional certifications.
- Confirm their specialization in family law or divorce cases.
Consider Experience:
- Choose a lawyer with substantial experience in divorce and family law. An experienced lawyer is likely to be familiar with local laws and court procedures.
Communication Style:
- Assess the lawyer’s communication style during the initial consultation. Choose someone who listens to your concerns, explains legal matters clearly, and is responsive to your questions.
Fee Structure:
- Discuss the lawyer’s fee structure during the consultation. Ensure you understand how they charge for their services, including any additional costs.
Client References:
- Ask the lawyer for references from previous clients. Speaking with individuals who have worked with the lawyer can provide valuable insights into their professionalism and success rate.
Check Disciplinary Record:
- Check with the relevant bar association to ensure the lawyer doesn’t have a history of disciplinary actions or complaints.
Trust Your Instincts:
- Trust your instincts when choosing a lawyer. If you feel comfortable and confident in their abilities during the consultation, it’s likely to be a good fit.
Remember that finding the best divorce lawyer is a personal decision based on your specific needs and circumstances. Take the time to research and consult with multiple attorneys before making a final decision.These are general search terms to use when searching for a divorce lawyer for you:
“Top divorce lawyer in South Africa”
“Experienced divorce attorney Johannesburg”
“Best family law firm Cape Town”
“Skilled divorce lawyer Pretoria”
“Leading divorce attorney Durban”
“Expert family law services in South Africa”
“Top-rated divorce lawyer Bloemfontein”
“Highly recommended divorce attorney Port Elizabeth”
“Trusted family law firm in South Africa”
“Specialized divorce services Gauteng”
“Proven track record divorce lawyer South Africa”
“Top divorce attorney Western Cape”
“Experienced family law advocate East London”
“Best divorce lawyer in Durban”
“Leading family law firm in Pretoria”
“Expert divorce attorney in Johannesburg”
“South Africa’s top-rated family law services”
“Trusted divorce lawyer in Eastern Cape”
“Experienced family law attorney in Bloemfontein”
“Best divorce representation in South Africa”
Feel free to contact us should you require a divorce lawyer for your matter.
Ask for Recommendations:
- Seek recommendations from friends, family, or colleagues who have gone through a divorce or have legal knowledge.
- Consult with other professionals you trust, such as accountants, therapists, or even other lawyers.
Online Research:
- Use online legal directories and platforms that provide information about lawyers in South Africa.
- Read reviews and testimonials from previous clients to gauge the lawyer’s reputation.
Bar Councils or Law Societies:
- Contact the Law Society of South Africa, Legal Practice Council, or the provincial bar association. They can provide a list of qualified divorce lawyers, attorneys or advocates.
Consult with Multiple Lawyers:
- Schedule consultations with several divorce lawyers to discuss your case and assess their expertise and approach.
- Inquire about their experience in handling divorce cases, especially those similar to yours.
Check Credentials:
- Verify the lawyer’s credentials, including their education, licensing, and any additional certifications.
- Confirm their specialization in family law or divorce cases.
Consider Experience:
- Choose a lawyer with substantial experience in divorce and family law. An experienced lawyer is likely to be familiar with local laws and court procedures.
Communication Style:
- Assess the lawyer’s communication style during the initial consultation. Choose someone who listens to your concerns, explains legal matters clearly, and is responsive to your questions.
Fee Structure:
- Discuss the lawyer’s fee structure during the consultation. Ensure you understand how they charge for their services, including any additional costs.
Client References:
- Ask the lawyer for references from previous clients. Speaking with individuals who have worked with the lawyer can provide valuable insights into their professionalism and success rate.
Check Disciplinary Record:
- Check with the relevant bar association to ensure the lawyer doesn’t have a history of disciplinary actions or complaints.
Trust Your Instincts:
- Trust your instincts when choosing a lawyer. If you feel comfortable and confident in their abilities during the consultation, it’s likely to be a good fit.
“Top divorce lawyer in South Africa”
“Experienced divorce attorney Johannesburg”
“Best family law firm Cape Town”
“Skilled divorce lawyer Pretoria”
“Leading divorce attorney Durban”
“Expert family law services in South Africa”
“Top-rated divorce lawyer Bloemfontein”
“Highly recommended divorce attorney Port Elizabeth”
“Trusted family law firm in South Africa”
“Specialized divorce services Gauteng”
“Proven track record divorce lawyer South Africa”
“Top divorce attorney Western Cape”
“Experienced family law advocate East London”
“Best divorce lawyer in Durban”
“Leading family law firm in Pretoria”
“Expert divorce attorney in Johannesburg”
“South Africa’s top-rated family law services”
“Trusted divorce lawyer in Eastern Cape”
“Experienced family law attorney in Bloemfontein”
“Best divorce representation in South Africa”
My marriage has broken down. I want to find the best divorce lawyer (Attorney or Advocate) in South Africa for my case. How do I do it? Finding the best divorce lawyer in South Africa involves thorough research and consideration of various factors. Here are some steps to help you Continue Reading
What is child maintenance / child support?
The terms “child maintenance” or “child support” is pretty much self-explanatory. To put it simply, it is when both parents sees to the needs and well-being of their child / children. Needs can be classified as food, clothes, education, medical expenses and other general maintenance of the child’s living costs.Child Maintenance Law
This is where the guidance and help of a family law legal professional comes in handy. To understand the rules and regulations that govern child maintenance/child support, expert legal advice is required from a professional. The Child Support Act is there to ensure that both parents fulfill their legal obligations towards their child/children. In other words, the Act ensures that parents continue taking care of their children even after divorce. Child Maintenance includes the basic necessities such as:- Shelter
- Clothing
- Medical Care
- Schooling
- Food
Any legal executions regarding maintenance shall be carried out in accordance with the Child Maintenance Act.Maintenance Court Procedure
Find out where about is the closest magistrates’ court in your area and pay them a visit. It is however, important to bring along the necessary documents such as:- Birth certificate of your child/children.
- Your identity document.
- Proof of residence.
- A divorce settlement.
- Proof of your monthly income and expenses.
- The personal details of the parent required to pay maintenance such as their name, surname physical and work address.
- Copy of your bank statement.
Maintenance Court Procedure
When undergoing the process of claiming maintenance, you will have to fill in a detailed form stipulated by the Magistrate’s Court. This form shall request all details regarding your income and expenses. The form will cover essential expenses such as clothing, food, medical expenses and other relevant bills. Lighter expenses such as entertainment, pocket money and so forth, are also included in the “expenses” section. Expenses of parents and the child are however, listed separately. The court however, will take a number of factors into consideration when stipulating the amount of maintenance that should be paid. Both parent’s income will be analysed and the court’s decision will be based accordingly.Child maintenance calculator
Many people do not proceed with claiming child maintenance because they do not know if they have a case. This is minimized by making use of the calculator which would assist you with the following:- To have an idea on how much maintenance you should be receiving from the other parent of your child;
- How much maintenance you should be paying; and
- Assist in reaching a mutual agreement with the other parent due to having a more accurate idea of how much either parent should be contributing to the child or children’s living expenses.
Download your free child maintenance calculator today. Start calculating today and find out how much to claim or pay with our free child maintenance calculator.Child Maintenance office numbers
Our Lawyer Pty Ltd offers a range of family law legal services for your convenience. You can find our office in the heart of the buzzing CBD at Suit 702, 7th Floor, The Pinnacle, corner of Strand and burg Street. Feel free to visit us at our offices in a safe, central setting and enjoy professional, confidential, legal consultations at its best. Call our legal offices today and have your legal appointment booked online for a legal consultation in child maintenance. Our Lawyer Pty Ltd is highly accommodating towards its clients and believe in making life easier for its clients. This is why we have decided to initiate an online appointment system as well as an online platform in which you can share your thoughts and post your legal questions. Connect with us today!
What is child maintenance / child support? The terms “child maintenance” or “child support” is pretty much self-explanatory. To put it simply, it is when both parents sees to the needs and well-being of their child / children. Needs can be classified as food, clothes, education, medical expenses and other Continue Reading
I want the best lawyer for my legal case. What are the traits of the best lawyers (advocate or attorney) in South Africa? I want to win.
In the intricate tapestry of the legal profession, certain individuals rise to the zenith, embodying the epitome of legal excellence. The title of the “best lawyer” is not merely a matter of subjective opinion but is earned through a combination of exceptional skills, unwavering ethics, and a profound commitment to justice. In this article, we delve into the defining characteristics that set the best lawyers apart in their pursuit of legal mastery.Expertise and Knowledge:
At the heart of every exceptional lawyer is a vast reservoir of legal knowledge and expertise. The best lawyers are not just well-versed in the letter of the law; they possess a deep understanding of its nuances and implications. Continuous learning and staying abreast of legal developments are essential traits that distinguish them from their peers. Whether it’s civil law, criminal law, or corporate law, the best lawyers are adept at navigating the complex web of statutes and legal precedents.Exceptional Analytical Skills:
Legal issues are seldom straightforward; they require a meticulous and analytical approach. The best lawyers possess an innate ability to dissect complex legal problems, identify key issues, and formulate effective strategies. Their analytical skills allow them to foresee potential challenges and devise solutions that stand up to scrutiny in the courtroom.Effective Communication:
The ability to communicate persuasively is a hallmark of a top-tier lawyer. From crafting compelling arguments to articulating legal principles in a manner accessible to clients and court, effective communication is a multi-faceted skill. The best lawyers can distill intricate legal concepts into digestible information, ensuring their clients are well-informed and judges and court are swayed by their persuasive prowess.Integrity and Ethics:
The legal profession places a premium on ethics, and the best lawyers exemplify the highest standards of integrity. Trust is the bedrock of the attorney-client relationship, and maintaining ethical conduct is paramount. Whether dealing with confidential information or navigating ethical dilemmas, the best lawyers prioritize honesty and integrity in all their professional endeavors.Tenacity and Perseverance:
Legal battles can be protracted and demanding. The best lawyers exhibit unwavering tenacity and perseverance in the face of adversity. They approach challenges with a determined spirit, tirelessly advocating for their clients’ interests. Whether in negotiations, mediations, or courtroom trials, these lawyers stand resolute, demonstrating a commitment to achieving the best possible outcomes for their clients.Empathy and Client-Centered Approach:
Beyond legal acumen, the best lawyers understand the human element of their profession. Empathy is a crucial quality that enables them to connect with clients on a personal level, comprehend their concerns, and tailor legal strategies to meet individual needs. A client-centered approach underscores the best lawyers’ commitment to achieving justice for those they represent.Adaptability:
The legal landscape is dynamic, subject to constant evolution and change. The best lawyers exhibit adaptability, embracing new technologies, legal precedents, and legislative changes. Their ability to pivot and adjust to emerging trends ensures they remain at the forefront of the legal field, providing clients with cutting-edge legal counsel.Conclusion:
In the realm of law, the title of the “best lawyer” is reserved for those who embody a harmonious blend of legal prowess, ethical conduct, and unwavering dedication to their clients. These exceptional individuals navigate the complexities of the legal system with finesse, leaving an indelible mark on the profession. Aspiring lawyers and clients alike can look to these traits as guiding principles in recognizing and selecting the legal luminaries who stand as paragons of excellence in the pursuit of justice.
I want the best lawyer for my legal case. What are the traits of the best lawyers (advocate or attorney) in South Africa? I want to win. In the intricate tapestry of the legal profession, certain individuals rise to the zenith, embodying the epitome of legal excellence. The title of Continue Reading
Tricks and tips on how to win your child maintenance case
Connect with Adv. Abduroaf– Click here [caption id="attachment_7074" align="alignleft" width="269"]
Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf – Advocate of the High Court of South Africa[/caption] Child maintenance legal issues might sound simple, compare to, for example, a criminal case of fraud. However, a child maintenance case could be much more complicated, challenging and exhausting. That, however, does not have to be the case. At least not always. Find out some of the tips and tricks provided by Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf, a family law expert with more than a decade of experience in family law, and child maintenance matters. Read on to find out some tips and tricks of the trade. Valuable advice is given on what to do through the maintenance court process. Download your Child Maintenance Calculator, click here. [maxbutton id=”2″ ]Child Maintenance and Applications – How does it work?
The focus of this article is not to explain how child maintenance work, or how to apply for child maintenance. There are many articles written on that topic. But in short, parents must pay according to their means. So, if a child’s expense the month is R 60 (obviously this is a fictitious example) and the father earns R 500 a month and the mother R 250 a month, then if all else is equal, the father should contribute R 40 towards the minor child’s expenses, and the mother, R 20. Now that is the long and short of the matter. However, other factors also play a role. They include the necessary expenses of each parent, which determines how much they should contribute, as well as what assets the parents own. For example, if a father earns R 100 a month, and the mother R R800 – 00, the father would pay the majority of the minor child’s expenses if he owns other assets worth R 100 000 – 00 and the mother none. Purchase a Consultation with us from our Online Shop, by clicking here.
What are the challenges in child maintenance cases for parents?
Now we deal with the challenges. The child costs R 60 per month, but the parent who is supposed to pay maintenance, the father, in this case, is only willing to pay R 10 per month. This is what he says he can only afford and what he believes the minor child needs. He says that if he pays more, the mother would use the money for herself. But the facts as in the example above, the father earns R 500 a month and the mother, R 250. Therefore, the father should pay R 40 and not R 10 as he offers. The challenge the mother now has is to prove that the father can afford to pay R 40 and not R 10 as he offers. The mother is worried, that should she go to the maintenance court for help, she would only get R 5 because that is what the father said he will pay should she go to court. What is our advice? Go to Court!The Maintenance Court – What do they do?
If a parent does not pay reasonable child maintenance, the maintenance court can enforce compliance. This they would do through the Maintenance Court enquiry process. Once a maintenance order is made, it becomes a criminal offense not to adhere to it. The court may even issue a warrant attaching property, or salary.The maintenance investigator at the Court
Each maintenance court has a maintenance investigator. What this investigator does is gather evidence in a maintenance court case. However, in practice, no one may tell you that there is a maintenance investigator who could assist you in your case. This could be because of the huge amount of maintenance cases that come through the doors of the court.How does the maintenance court make a decision?
Now, this is where it becomes challenging. The maintenance court can only make an order against a parent if there is evidence that he or she can afford the maintenance claimed, and obviously, the amount claimed is fair. The problem in practice is, the mother alleges that the father can afford the child maintenance, but she has no concrete evidence to back it up. The father is also not forthcoming, and only shows evidence that he cannot afford the amount claimed. The mother knows that he can afford the required amount due to his standard of living and what she experienced while they lived together.What tips are there for the mother in maintenance matters?
What follows is a list of things you can do, either yourself or through the maintenance court. However please note that the court won’t entertain your application for child maintenance should it be excessive. In other words, if you know the father cannot afford the amount claimed, or that you are intentionally claiming too much; then, in that case, you would be wasting your time. If you have a legal representative, you would be wasting money as well. Purchase a Consultation with us from our Online Shop, by clicking here.Maintenance Court Investigator
Insist that the maintenance court instruct the maintenance investigator to investigate the financial affairs of the other parent. This you should even more so insist on if the father does not even provide the court with a copy of his salary slip and outline of expenses.The father’s employer
Ask the maintenance court to issue a subpoena against the father’s employer for the salary advice of the father. Also, request details of the father’s pension interest the father may have.The father’s banking account
Obtain the father’s bank statements. Here you should ask the court to subpoena various banking institutions for bank statements of the father. Bank statements hold in them valuable information about the lifestyle of a person. You may find out that the father spends half his money on his cell phone or luxury clothing. You can use this information to show the court that the father can tighten his belt and spend more money on his child. What sometimes happens is, you may find additional income coming into the father’s banking account.Father’s Credit Profile
Have the maintenance court obtain a credit profile of the father. From the profile, valuable information can be obtained. For example, where he last applied for credit, employment and residential details. If the father says he does not have money, but he applied for credit to purchase a new car, clearly there is money.Social media (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest etc.)
These days, many people publish their lives on social media. If the father, in this case, keeps loading pictures and posts of how h
e lives the good life; that information may be used to show the maintenance court that the father lives a life different than what he wants the court and you to believe. Many people also make use of LinkedIn accounts. On it, they provide updated employment details. This would be useful to show the court should the father say he is an admin clerk. but on LinkedIn tell the world he is a manager.Property Search in maintenance matters
What may be useful, is to do a property search on the father. Here you would find out what property that person owns. For example, the father may rent a house, but own a house in a different province where he obtains rent. That house he could have inherited.Other tips and tricks in child maintenance matters
Each case is different. What would work in one maintenance matter, won’t work in another. For example, if someone is self-employed, and only get paid with cash, the dynamics are different. There won’t be any bank statements or payslips. In such a case, you need to be creative. Maybe ask questions to clients of the father and find out what he does and charges. If you can obtain the names of people the father does business with; that would be very useful. You may provide that information to the maintenance court and the investigator could follow up on it. If the father sees that you are getting somewhere, he may decide to pay a fair amount.Final words in child maintenance matters
Your maintenance case is largely dependent on you proving that your child needs the requested amount. If you do not have proof, or cannot prove it, even if you show that the father can afford it, the court won’t order him to pay it. The court would only order him to pay what is fair and proved. Therefore, always ensure that you keep proof of your income and expenses up to date and ready to provide it to court. Download your Child Maintenance Calculator, click here.Have a family Law appointment with us
We have an online appointments system which enables you to save valuable time and cut straight to the chase. There is, therefore, no need for you to visit our offices (unless it is best for you to do so, or is your most preferred option).
You may set up telephonic or video consultations should you wish to do so. You can, therefore, stay in the office or on the couch in the comfort of your own home when dealing with us. We are therefore physical, online, set-up and ready to meet with you. Make your appointment online for a consultation today. If you find any of our articles, free resources and posts
interesting, or possibly useful to others, please like and share it on Social Media by clicking on the icons below. Should you require any other legal services and advice, not related to family law, visit Private Legal. Or click here for the details of Cape Town Advocate, Muhammad Abduroaf. Purchase a Consultation with us from our Online Shop, by clicking here.
What are the challenges in child maintenance cases for parents?Tricks and tips on how to win your child maintenance case Connect with Adv. Abduroaf– Click here Child maintenance legal issues might sound simple, compare to, for example, a criminal case of fraud. However, a child maintenance case could be much more complicated, challenging and exhausting. That, however, does not Continue Reading
I require a law firm to assist me in my Appeal or Review matter. I feel that the judgment or ruling was unfair.
What are your contact details?
If you require an Advocate Law Firm to assist you in your legal matter, feel free to contact us using the following details:- Tel.: 021 111 0090
- Email.: [email protected]
The services you may instruct the firm of Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf to represent you in are as follows:High Court matters
- Civil claim surrounding money;
- Interdicts;
- Divorces (Opposed and unopposed);
- Child Custody and guardianship disputes;
- Relocation of minor children;
- Various criminal matters;
- Minor children surname changes;
- Appeals and Reviews; and
- Other matters.
Magistrates Court matters
- Civil claim surrounding money;
- Various criminal matters;
- Interdicts;
- Maintenance Court matters;
- Divorces Court matters (Opposed and unopposed)’
- Children’s Court matter; and
- Other matters.
Constitutional Court
- Appeals
Supreme Court of Appeal
- Appeals and Reviews
We service clients throughout South Africa. These include: Cape Town Rustenburg Kimberley East London Nelspruit Polokwane Pietermaritzburg Bloemfontein Port Elizabeth Pretoria Durban Johannesburg
I require a law firm to assist me in my Appeal or Review matter. I feel that the judgment or ruling was unfair. What are your contact details? If you require an Advocate Law Firm to assist you in your legal matter, feel free to contact us using the following Continue Reading
Passport Applications for minor children: What you need to know – Department of Home Affairs – Questions and Answers
Should you require any advice on an application for a passport of a minor, where the co-parent refuses to consent or co-operate; feel free to set up a consultation with us. You may call 0211110090 or click here to do it online.
Leaving South Africa, and visiting another country is something many people do on a daily basis. The reason, therefore, could either be for a holiday, business, a death in the family, and so on. Or it might be to relocate to another country to start a new life, either alone, or with your spouse or children. Whatever the reason is, you require a passport when leaving South Africa. For an adult, all you need to do is visit your nearest Department of Home Affairs Offices, with proof of identity, and the prescribed fees, and take your picture, fingerprints, etc. However, if you are a minor child, under the age of 18, it is not that simple. You would need to go with both your parents, and they need to provide their consent.Parental Consent and Co-operation for a Passport Application of a Minor child
According to Section 18 (3) of the Children’s Act, both parent’s consent is required for a minor’s application for a passport. This is why we refer to consent and co-operation. Co-operation in the sense of going with to the Department of Home Affairs and giving the consent. Now, this can cause a problem should a parent not agree to the application for a passport. Therefore, one of two things could happen in practice should there be children involved. Either the parent would have to go overseas without the children, or not at all. Before we deal with such a scenario in detail, a bit later, let’s look at the law in a bit more detail.A child’s Constitutional right to a Passport
Our Constitution, Act 108 of 1996 is the supreme law of the Country. All laws and practices should be in line with it. Therefore, it’s always a good idea to find out what it says. Section 21(4) of our Constitution states the following: “Every citizen has the right to a passport.” This is a fundamental right. The question would then be asked, if that is a fundamental right, why would you still require both parents’ consent as stated in the Children’s Act? A possible reason for the writers of the Children’s Act to state that you require both parents’ consent is to ensure that there is no undue removal of children from the Country. Both parents should, therefore, consent to the passport, which is a key to leaving South Africa.What if a parent refuses to consent and cooperate for the application of a passport for a minor child?
Notwithstanding what section 18(3) of the Children’s Act states, section 18(5) of the same Act says that a Court can order otherwise. What this means is that if a parent does not want to consent for the Application of a passport, then the Court can Order that his or her consent is not required or dispensed with. For this, you would have to file an Application at the High Court and ask for such an Order. The powers the High Court would exercise is that of the upper guardian of all minor children within its jurisdiction. So, there it is, if consent is refused, you can approach a lawyer, who would make the necessary Application to the appropriate Court. Such an application can be expensive, especially if it is opposed. Therefore, it is best that it is avoided, by resolving issues with the other parent beforehand. But if the other parent is unreasonable, approach the Court.What does the Department of Home Affairs say?
The following are extracts from the Department of Home Affairs’ Website: “You must also note that:- All documents required for passport applications should be completed in black ink
- Husband, wife and children must all complete separate application forms. Both parents and the children concerned must be present when applying for passports for children. See exceptions under Tourist Passports: persons under 16
- Passports are issued in accordance with your names as they appear in the National Population Register (NPR) at the time of your application. Any changes to your names must be applied for, finalised and recorded in the NPR before you submit your passport application”
…“Applying for Tourist Passports: Persons under 16 years
These passports are issued to SA citizens who are 15 years or younger. The passports are valid for 5 years and are not renewable. Once the validity period of a passport expires you will have to submit a new application for a passport. To apply for the passport you must submit the following documents:- A duly completed passport application Form DHA-73
- If the parents are married, the passport application form must be signed by both parents and the child and both parents should be in attendance when the application is submitted.
- Please note that the child and both parents should be in attendance when the application is submitted to the nearest Home Affairs office or SA Mission/Consulate. If a parent cannot be in attendance, a letter of consent and copy of ID will no longer be accepted.
- If divorced and sole parental rights and responsibilities in regard to guardianship have not been granted to one parent, the child and both parents should be in attendance when the application is submitted and both must sign the application form.
- If a parent is deceased, his or her death certificate and a copy thereof must accompany the application for the passport
- In the case of minors born out of wedlock, the biological father ’s consent will also be required if any of the circumstances as outlined in section 21 of the Children’s Act, 1995, are applicable, the child and both parents should be in attendance when the application is submitted.
- If the applicant is in the care of a guardian other than the parents, proof of the High Court’s appointment must accompany the application.
- If a parent cannot be located or refuses to consent, or a dispute concerning consent arises, the matter should be referred to the Children’s Court. The Court’s decision must be submitted with the application for the passport.
- The child’s South African birth certificate and a copy thereof
- Two colour passport photographs that comply with the Passport and ID Photograph Specifications (NOT needed at smartcard offices as ID images are captured digitally)
- Payment of the prescribed passport fee”
In summary, on minor children application for a passport
Before moving onto question and answers on passport applications for minor children below. this article can be summarised as follows:- Every child has a right to a Passport;
- Both parents must visit the Department of Home Affairs when applying for the minor child’s passport. The process is outlined above; and
- If a parent refuses and does not want to co-operate for the passport application, then the High Court may be approached to dispense with that requirement.
Popular relocation countries for South Africans
If you wish to emigrate from South Africa, there are many places in this world to consider. Some would be more ideal than others. But it all depends on the reason for the relocation. Here is a list of the top countries South Africans and emigrating to:United Kingdom (UK)
Australia
United States of America (USA)
New Zealand
Canada
Angola
Botswana
Chile
Zimbabwe
Germany
Netherlands
Swaziland
Israel
Portugal
Mozambique
Ireland
Malawi
Switzerland
Namibia
Greece
What follows are questions and answers regarding Applications for Passports for Adults and Children
If you still have questions after reading the article above, and the questions and answers below, feel free to leave a comment hereunder.Can I get my child a passport without the father’s permission?
If the father is a guardian of the child, his consent is required. That is according to the Children’s Act.Do you need both parents to get a passport for a child?
Yes. As the law currently stands, you need both parent’s consent.Can a child get a passport with one parent?
No, you need both parents present when applying for a passport for a minor child.What documents are needed to renew South African passports?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Do both parents need to be present for a child to get a passport?
Yes, they do. Unless only one parent is a guardian.What documents required for minor’s passport?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Do both parents need to be present to get a passport for a child?
Yes, they do. That is the law.Do you need both parents to get a passport for a 17-year-old?
As you are still a minor at the age of 17, you require both your parents to consent to your passport application. Bot parents should also be at the Department of Home Affairs when making the Application.Can the noncustodial parent get a passport for the child?
Yes, if the parent is a guardian as well. If there is another parent too, both parents must give consent at the Department of Home Affairs.How do you get full custody of your child?
You would have to approach the Court for such an Order. The Court would have to determine whether it is in the child’s best interests. We advise you speak to a lawyer.Do you need both parents to get a passport for a 16-year-old?
As you are still a minor at the age of 16, you require both your parents to consent to your passport application. Both parents should also be at the Department of Home Affairs when making the Application.What is the validity of a minor’s passport?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Can I apply for a passport without a birth certificate?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.How do you apply for a passport online?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Can a passport application be printed in black and white?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Can you travel with a passport that expires in 2 months?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.
Which documents are required for a passport after marriage?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.What kind of pen do you use to sign a passport?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.How fast can you get a passport?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.How old do you have to be to get a passport without parents?
You need to be 18 years old. If you are younger, you require both your parents’ consent.Can a child leave the country without a parent?
Yes, you can, but you require their consent.Can I get my child a passport without the father’s permission?
No, you cannot. Unless he is not a guardian.Do you need both parents to get a passport for a child?
Yes, you do.Do both parents need to be present for a child to get a passport?
Yes, both parents have to be present.Do both parents have to sign for a passport for a child?
Yes, both parents have to be presented. This is the legal requirement.Can a single parent get a passport for their child?
Only in the case if the parent is the sole guardian. If not both parents must apply and consent.Do both parents need to be present to get a passport for a child?
Yes, they both do.Can a divorced parent get a passport for a child?
Yes, the parent can. However, if the other parent is also a guardian, his or her consent is also required.How much is a passport for a kid?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Is it illegal to have two passports from different countries?
Dual Citizenship is not illegal.Do dual citizens have two passports?
Yes, they do.Can I get my child a passport without the father’s permission?
If the father is a co-guardian, then his consent is required.
Leaving South Africa, and visiting another country is something many people do on a daily basis. The reason, therefore, could either be for a holiday, business, a death in the family, and so on. Or it might be to relocate to another country to start a new life, either alone, or with your spouse or children. Whatever the reason is, you require a passport when leaving South Africa. For an adult, all you need to do is visit your nearest Department of Home Affairs Offices, with proof of identity, and the prescribed fees, and take your picture, fingerprints, etc. However, if you are a minor child, under the age of 18, it is not that simple. You would need to go with both your parents, and they need to provide their consent.- If the parents are married, the passport application form must be signed by both parents and the child and both parents should be in attendance when the application is submitted.
- Please note that the child and both parents should be in attendance when the application is submitted to the nearest Home Affairs office or SA Mission/Consulate. If a parent cannot be in attendance, a letter of consent and copy of ID will no longer be accepted.
- If divorced and sole parental rights and responsibilities in regard to guardianship have not been granted to one parent, the child and both parents should be in attendance when the application is submitted and both must sign the application form.
- If a parent is deceased, his or her death certificate and a copy thereof must accompany the application for the passport
- In the case of minors born out of wedlock, the biological father ’s consent will also be required if any of the circumstances as outlined in section 21 of the Children’s Act, 1995, are applicable, the child and both parents should be in attendance when the application is submitted.
- If the applicant is in the care of a guardian other than the parents, proof of the High Court’s appointment must accompany the application.
- If a parent cannot be located or refuses to consent, or a dispute concerning consent arises, the matter should be referred to the Children’s Court. The Court’s decision must be submitted with the application for the passport.
In summary, on minor children application for a passportUnited Kingdom (UK)
Australia
United States of America (USA)
New Zealand
Canada
Angola
Botswana
Chile
Zimbabwe
Germany
Netherlands
Swaziland
Israel
Portugal
Mozambique
Ireland
Malawi
Switzerland
Namibia
Greece
Can I get my child a passport without the father’s permission?
If the father is a guardian of the child, his consent is required. That is according to the Children’s Act.Do you need both parents to get a passport for a child?
Yes. As the law currently stands, you need both parent’s consent.Can a child get a passport with one parent?
No, you need both parents present when applying for a passport for a minor child.What documents are needed to renew South African passports?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Do both parents need to be present for a child to get a passport?
Yes, they do. Unless only one parent is a guardian.What documents required for minor’s passport?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Do both parents need to be present to get a passport for a child?
Yes, they do. That is the law.Do you need both parents to get a passport for a 17-year-old?
As you are still a minor at the age of 17, you require both your parents to consent to your passport application. Bot parents should also be at the Department of Home Affairs when making the Application.Can the noncustodial parent get a passport for the child?
Yes, if the parent is a guardian as well. If there is another parent too, both parents must give consent at the Department of Home Affairs.How do you get full custody of your child?
You would have to approach the Court for such an Order. The Court would have to determine whether it is in the child’s best interests. We advise you speak to a lawyer.Do you need both parents to get a passport for a 16-year-old?
As you are still a minor at the age of 16, you require both your parents to consent to your passport application. Both parents should also be at the Department of Home Affairs when making the Application.What is the validity of a minor’s passport?
Can I apply for a passport without a birth certificate?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.How do you apply for a passport online?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Can a passport application be printed in black and white?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Can you travel with a passport that expires in 2 months?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.
Which documents are required for a passport after marriage?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.What kind of pen do you use to sign a passport?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.How fast can you get a passport?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.How old do you have to be to get a passport without parents?
You need to be 18 years old. If you are younger, you require both your parents’ consent.Can a child leave the country without a parent?
Yes, you can, but you require their consent.Can I get my child a passport without the father’s permission?
No, you cannot. Unless he is not a guardian.Do you need both parents to get a passport for a child?
Yes, you do.Do both parents need to be present for a child to get a passport?
Yes, both parents have to be present.Do both parents have to sign for a passport for a child?
Yes, both parents have to be presented. This is the legal requirement.Can a single parent get a passport for their child?
Only in the case if the parent is the sole guardian. If not both parents must apply and consent.Do both parents need to be present to get a passport for a child?
Yes, they both do.Can a divorced parent get a passport for a child?
Yes, the parent can. However, if the other parent is also a guardian, his or her consent is also required.How much is a passport for a kid?
Visit the Department of Home Affairs Website. Here is the link.Is it illegal to have two passports from different countries?
Do dual citizens have two passports?
Yes, they do.Can I get my child a passport without the father’s permission?
If the father is a co-guardian, then his consent is required.Passport Applications for minor children: What you need to know – Department of Home Affairs – Questions and Answers Should you require any advice on an application for a passport of a minor, where the co-parent refuses to consent or co-operate; feel free to set up a consultation with us. Continue Reading
Child Custody and Child Maintenance in divorces – Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf
In this video, Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf discusses how Child Custody and Child Maintenance Matters play a role in divorce matters. [embed]https://youtu.be/KQdiay_xru4[/embed] Family Law with Adv. Muhammad Abduroaf Visit: https://abduroaf.co.za Post your live questions on https://www.facebook.com/AdvMuhammadAbduroaf/live/ Please like the page https://www.facebook.com/AdvMuhammadAbduroaf/ for future live videos and interaction. LIVE Q&A ON FAMILY LAW WITH ADVOCATE MUHAMMAD ABDUROAF Our Lawyer (Pty) Ltd [email protected] 0211110090 Consult with us today. Visit www.ourlawyer.co.za/advice . Child Custody, Child maintenance, Domestic violence, Guardianship rights, Spousal maintenance, Divorces, Unopposed divorces, Opposed divorces, Family Law, Mediation, Family disputes, Relocation of minor children, Minor children passport application consent, Non-compliance with maintenance orders, Reduction of Maintenance Order, Increase of Maintenance Orders, Parenting Plans, Parental Plan, Custody Agreements, Custody Orders, Contempt of Court, Litigation, Antenuptial Contract, Prenuptial Contracts, Wills, Estates, Abuse, Economic Abuse, Gender-based Violence. Attorney legal services, Advocate legal services, Lawyer legal services. Online and telephonic legal advice, Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga Northern Cape North West Western Cape Eastern Cape Alice, Butterworth, East London, Graaff-Reinet, Grahamstown, King William’s Town, Mthatha, Port Elizabeth, Queenstown, Uitenhage, Zwelitsha Free State, Bethlehem, Bloemfontein, Jagersfontein, Kroonstad, Odendaalsrus, Parys, Phuthaditjhaba, Sasolburg, Virginia, Welkom, Gauteng Benoni, Boksburg, Brakpan, Carletonville, Germiston, Johannesburg, Krugersdorp, Pretoria, Randburg, Randfontein, Roodepoort, Soweto, Springs, Vanderbijlpark, Vereeniging, KwaZulu-Natal Durban, Empangeni, Ladysmith, Newcastle, Pietermaritzburg, Pinetown, Ulundi, Umlazi, Limpopo, Giyani, Lebowakgomo, Musina, Phalaborwa, Polokwane, Seshego, Sibasa, Thabazimbi Mpumalanga, Emalahleni, Nelspruit, Secunda, North West, Klerksdorp, Mahikeng, Mmabatho, Potchefstroom, Rustenburg, Northern Cape, Kimberley, Kuruman, Port Nolloth Western Cape Bellville, Cape Town, Constantia, George, Hopefield, Oudtshoorn, Paarl, Simon’s Town, Stellenbosch, Swellendam, Worcester Contact us today. #advocate #familylaw #lawyer #attorney #legal #court #child #custody #divorce #relocation #guardianship
Child Custody and Child Maintenance in divorces – Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf In this video, Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf discusses how Child Custody and Child Maintenance Matters play a role in divorce matters. Family Law with Adv. Muhammad Abduroaf Visit: https://abduroaf.co.za Post your live questions on https://www.facebook.com/AdvMuhammadAbduroaf/live/ Please like the page Continue Reading
The Court Order says my minor child’s mother has custody, but my daughter primarily lived with me since she was a toddler. What can I do to legalise the situation? The mother is now demanding that the order now be followed – 5 years later.
[video width="1920" height="1080" mp4="https://www.ourlawyer.co.za/wp-content/uploads/Child-Custody-Visitation-and-Contact.mp4"][/video] At the time of a divorce or separation, the parents of a minor child would usually agree on where the minor child would primarily reside. If they cannot come to an agreement, the Court would make that decision for them. If the parents were never married, one of them may have approached the Court. This is to deal with their parental responsibilities and rights.Parents not following Court Order
What often happens is a Court would order that one parent has primary care over a minor child, but that specific parent does not take on that responsibility. In other words, the minor child would live primarily with the parent who does not have custody. The parent who has custody would then only occasionally have contact with the minor child. This is so despite the Court Order stating that the minor child should primarily live with him or her. This becomes problematic, as the Court Order says one thing, but the parents are doing the opposite. 
Parenting disagreements despite a Court Order
Should the parents come to a disagreement in the future, the parent who has primary care in terms of a Court Order may demand to exercise his or her rights as the primary caregiver. The parent who has primary care in terms of the Court Order may even threaten to take legal action to enforce the Order. This situation may be problematic as the minor child may have been living for a very long time with the non-custodial parent, enrolled in the nearby school, have friends there, etc. This would all be uprooted should the order now be followed many years later. The minor child would have to be enrolled in a new school, and furthermore, the new home may not be adequate for the minor child’s needs.The Child Custody Court Order and its compliance
Once a Court makes an order, it should be complied with. Nothing less applies in the case of a Court order regarding a minor child. Once the minor child becomes an adult, the order basically falls away, unless they are provisions that still lives on. For example, a provision that states that child maintenance should be paid to the mother until the minor child turns 21 or is self-supporting, and so on. But should the child be a minor (under the age of 18 years old), the parental responsibilities and rights as outlined in the Court order would usually apply. Therefore, unless the Court order lapsed, it needs to be complied with. 
What can a parent do under the latter situation?
The first port of call would be to have a look at the Court order and see what it obliges the parents to do in this situation. This can either be facilitation or mediation. If that fails, or no such provision exists, then making an application to the Court to vary the Order would be the appropriate remedy. This basically entails filing a Notice of Motion, attached to it, a Founding Affidavit. The Notice of Motion will state what you want. The Founding Affidavit would state the facts substantiating the relief you are looking for.The relief sought
The relief a parent may want from the Court would be that a certain clause in the Court Order is varied. It should state that primary care is awarded to the father (or the mother as the case may be). It would further outline what contact rights the parent who had primary care in terms of the order would have. Usually, it would follow what the parties have been exercising in the past.What would the Court decide regarding custody?
[caption id="attachment_8258" align="alignleft" width="476"]
Child Custody Visitation and Contact[/caption] The Court is the upper guardian of all minor children within its jurisdiction. It, therefore, can override the wishes of the parents. However, the Court has to comply with the Constitution and the Children’s Act. Both pieces of legislation say that the minor child’s best interests must be upheld when it comes to these types of issues. Therefore, the Court would look at all the relevant facts. It would then make a decision as to what is best for the minor child concerned. The Court would look at the Order and whether it has been complied with. Thereafter it would decide whether a change to it would be warranted. The Court is also not obliged to make an order based on what the parents in the case want. It would make a decision as to what it believes is in the minor child’s best interests.
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The Court Order says my minor child’s mother has custody, but my daughter primarily lived with me since she was a toddler. What can I do to legalise the situation? The mother is now demanding that the order now be followed – 5 years later. At the time of a Continue Reading