business, legal advice, business guidance, family law, Cape Town

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business, legal advice, business guidance, family law, Cape Town

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Updated: 16 April 2020

New regulations have been issued on 16 April 2020. Click on the link below: The material change is that you do not have to have a court order or a parental responsibilities and rights agreement or parenting plan, registered with the family advocate. Possession of a birth certificate or certified copy of a birth certificate is now also allowed.

Let’s talk Constitutionally – What about the parents whom the Minister of Social Development excluded from moving their children during the South African National Lockdown – Is this new law fair? Does it not discriminate between children and parents?

Written by Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf It is day 15 of the National Lockdown in South Africa. Our President last night announced that the lockdown would extend for a further two weeks. Lockdown, for now, would extend until the end of April 2020. What does this mean for parents who want to have contact with their children during the lockdown period? Can they collect or visit their children during the extended lockdown period? Let us unpack the legal situation.

Moving of children during the National Lockdown Period

When the lockdown was announced, there was uncertainty as to whether parents may move children during this period. We are referring to parents and children living in separate homes. After the lockdown commenced, a directive was then issued stating that children may not be moved between homes. This brought certainty to the issue, however, had far-reaching consequences. The directive said that the child should remain with the parent he or she is at, at the start of the lockdown period.

The current regulations on the movement of children between parents

On Tuesday 07 April 2020, the Minister of Social Development, Ms Lindiwe Zulu, MP, made changes to the regulations regarding the movement of children during the lockdown period. It is now possible for certain children to be moved between parents during the lockdown period. The regulations apply to the following parents only:
  1. There are arrangements in place for the children to move for one parent to another in terms of a court order; or
  2. A parental responsibilities and rights agreement or parenting plan registered with the office of the Family Advocate; and
  3. In the household to which the child is to move, there is no person who is known to have come into contact with, or is reasonably suspected to have come into contact with, a person known to have contracted, or reasonably suspected to have contracted, COVID-19;
  4. The parent or caregiver transporting the child concerned must have in his or her possession, the court order or the latter agreement, or a certified copy thereof.

Are these new regulations potentially unconstitutional?

Any law that discriminates against a class of people unjustifiably is unconstitutional. The class of people this new regulation discriminates against are one or more of the following parents:
  • Parents who are not divorced, but separated;
  • Never enforced their parental responsibilities and rights by obtaining a court order;
  • Parents who do not have any co-parenting issues;
  • Unmarried parents who did not see the need to approach the Court for a Court Order;
  • Parents who did not see the need to register a parenting plan or responsibilities and rights agreement with the Office of the Family Advocate; and
  • Parents who could not afford to obtain a court order or register a parenting plan or responsibilities and rights agreement with the Office of the Family Advocate; and
  • So on.

Infringement of the right to equality of the aforementioned parents and children

Section 9 of our Constitution (Act 108 of 1996) states the following: (1) Everyone is equal before the law and has the right to equal protection and benefit of the law. (2) Equality includes the full and equal enjoyment of all rights and freedoms. To promote the achievement of equality, legislative and other measures designed to protect or advance persons, or categories of persons, disadvantaged by unfair discrimination may be taken. (3) The state may not unfairly discriminate directly or indirectly against anyone on one or more grounds, including race, gender, sex, pregnancy, marital status, ethnic or social origin, colour, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, conscience, belief, culture, language and birth. (4) No person may unfairly discriminate directly or indirectly against anyone on one or more grounds in terms of subsection (3). National legislation must be enacted to prevent or prohibit unfair discrimination. (5) Discrimination on one or more of the grounds listed in subsection (3) is unfair unless it is established that the discrimination is fair. Parents and minor children are not being treated equally. Only parents and children who are part of court orders and a parenting plan or responsibilities and rights agreement with the Office of the Family Advocate are taken care of by the Minister. Not the rest of the South African population. This infringement of constitutional rights cannot be justified. Let us unpack it.

Infringement of the right to human dignity

Concerning human dignity, section 10 of our Consitution states, “Everyone has inherent dignity and the right to have their dignity respected and protected.” I am sure, that all parents who do not have a court order or a parenting plan or responsibilities and rights agreement with the Office of the Family Advocate feel that their dignity has been violated. This is so as the government now allows another parent who has the latter documents to move their children. There is further no logical justification to preference some parents over others. Or to put it differently some children over others.

What can parents do who do not have a court order or a parenting plan or responsibilities and rights agreement with the Office of the Family Advocate?

It seems that the only recourse for parents who do not have a court order or a parenting plan or responsibilities and rights agreement registered with the Office of the Family Advocate has two options:
  • Approach the court urgently for a court order;
  • Approach the office of the family advocate to register a parenting plan or responsibilities and rights agreement.
Whether or not the court would be of adequate assistance during the lockdown and entertain your application, depends on many factors. However, in our view, if there is sufficient urgency, and as we are dealing with the best interests of children, the application would properly be dealt with. Concerning approaching the office of the family advocate to register a parenting plan or responsibilities and rights agreement; this could come with its challenges. But not necessarily so for all cases. Contacting their offices beforehand would be advised. Written by Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf (LL.B LL.M) – Advocate of the High Court of South Africa Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf is a member of the Legal Practice Council of South Africa     No equality and dignity for parents without Court Order and Registered Plans and Agreements We are certain that you found the above article useful and interesting. Please consider sharing it on the share buttons below. They include Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, WhatsApp, Gmail and more. Someone may find it useful as well. Should you require business advice or services, feel free to click on these links: Business SA | Private Legal | Envirolaws        
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Child Custody Law in South Africa

What exactly is child custody? Child custody refers to the legal order or instruction by the court to the parents of their child/children. The term Custody on its own, simply means to care or protect for. Hence child custody is concerned with the protection and care of a child by the parents. [caption id="attachment_4504" align="alignleft" width="300"] Call law offices: 0211110090
Email us at: [email protected][/caption] When it comes to the Children’s Act in South Africa, your legal expert/professional will tell you that the Act aims to have the child’s best interest in place. With that being said, the Act covers a number of legal aspects and rights regarding the child. Attorneys (Lawyers), Advocates and other legal professionals, will make use of the Act to ensure that they are doing things legally correct. The Children’s Act can be applied to parents, grandparents, aunties, uncles, teachers and so forth.

Sole Guardianship

Sole guardianship refers to one parent having full custody of the child. Some may interpret this wrongly and think that the other parent will no longer be able to see the child. This is not the case. It is however, commonly understood that the mother is usually awarded sole custody. This too, is no longer the case. Should the mother be the less responsible parent, sole custody may be awarded to the father by the court. Depending upon the nature and circumstance of the legal matter, the court may find joint custody in the child’s best interest. [caption id="attachment_4506" align="alignleft" width="300"] Call law offices: 0211110090
Email: [email protected][/caption]

Custody of divorced parents

There is so much at play when it comes to deciding to the custodian parent of the child with divorced parents. It is best advised that a parenting plan is professionally drafted and legally executed. A parenting plan outlines the rights of both parents with regards to the child; covers visitation rights and helps both parents reach a mutual ground. [caption id="attachment_4507" align="alignleft" width="300"] Call our law offices on: 0211110090
Email us at: [email protected][/caption]

Divorced father’s rights

Fathers do have rights to their child after divorce. Depending on the relationship between the two parents, they may reach a mutual agreement. If you’re a father who regular pays child maintenance but is still denied access to your child, you may want to take this up with a family law legal expert. [caption id="attachment_4494" align="alignleft" width="300"] Call our law offices on: 0211110090
Email: [email protected][/caption]

Child custody cases

Our Lawyer Pty Ltd have dealt with a number of child custody, divorce and child maintenance legal matters. Below are a few of our child custody articles you may find helpful: [caption id="attachment_4508" align="alignleft" width="300"] Call our law offices on: 0211110090
Email us at: [email protected][/caption] Call our offices today and have your legal appointment booked online immediately. Our Lawyer Pty Ltd is highly accommodating towards its clients and believe in making life easier for its clients. This is why we have decided to initiate an online appointment system as well as an online platform in which you can share your thoughts and post your legal questions. Connect with us today!  
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