Advocate of the High Court of South Africa Family Law Legal

Posted on 11 February 2025 by Telelaw

[caption id="attachment_10806" align="alignnone" width="707"] Relocation consent for minor child to the Netherlands – Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf[/caption]
I want to relocate from South Africa to the Netherlands with my minor child. The other parent does not want my child to relocate to the Netherlands. What can I do?
The Netherlands is a popular destination to emigrate to. People emigrate from South Africa for many reasons. It ranges from better employment opportunities, family relations, or for a better standard of living. Whatever the reason a parent wants to relocate to the Netherlands, if a minor child will be joining that parent and also relocating to the Netherlands, then the parent remaining in South Africa’s consent would usually be required. Let us unpack the legal issues a parent may encounter when wanting to emigrate to the Netherlands. Before we do so, let us list the various cities and towns in the Netherlands to which you may want to relocate:
Drenthe (province), Meppel, Flevoland (province), Lelystad, Friesland (province), Leeuwarden, Sneek, Gelderland (province), Nijmegen, Renkum, Rheden, Tiel, Zutphen, Groningen (province), Groningen, Limburg (province), Kerkrade, Maastricht, Roermond, Sittard, Tegelen, Venlo, Noord-Brabant (province), Oss, Roosendaal, ’s-Hertogenbosch, Tilburg, Noord-Holland (province), the Netherlands, Den Helder, Marken, Velsen, Volendam, Zaanstad, Overijssel (province), Kampen, Zwolle, Utrecht (province), Soest, Utrecht, Zeist, Zeeland (province), Middelburg, Vlissingen, Zuid-Holland (province), The Hague, Scheveningen, Katwijk, Leiden, Lisse, Rijswijk, Rotterdam, Schiedam, Vlaardingen, Zoetermeer, Caribbean Netherlands (special municipalities), Bonaire (special municipality), Saba (special municipality), Sint Eustatius (special municipality), Aruba (unitary state), Oranjestad, San Nicolas, Curaçao (unitary state), Willemstad, Sint Maarten (unitary state)
(https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-cities-and-towns-in-the-Netherlands-2055398)
Why do I require the other parent’s Consent to relocate to the Netherlands?
According to South African law, if you are a co-holder of parental responsibilities and rights over your minor child, you must consent to your child leaving South Africa. In this case, relocating to the Netherlands. Here we refer to section 18 of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005. The entire provision is as follows:
18 Parental responsibilities and rights
(1) A person may have either full or specific parental responsibilities and rights in respect of a child.
(2) The parental responsibilities and rights that a person may have in respect of a child, include the responsibility and the right-
(a) to care for the child;
(b) to maintain contact with the child;
(c) to act as guardian of the child; and
(d) to contribute to the maintenance of the child.
(3) Subject to subsections (4) and (5), a parent or other person who acts as guardian of a child must-
(a) administer and safeguard the child’s property and property interests;
(b) assist or represent the child in administrative, contractual and other legal matters; or
(c) give or refuse any consent required by law in respect of the child, including-
(i) consent to the child’s marriage;
(ii) consent to the child’s adoption;
(iii) consent to the child’s departure or removal from the Republic;
(iv) consent to the child’s application for a passport; and
(v) consent to the alienation or encumbrance of any immovable property of the child.
(4) Whenever more than one person has guardianship of a child, each one of them is competent, subject to subsection (5), any other law or any order of a competent court to the contrary, to exercise independently and without the Consent of the other any right or responsibility arising from such guardianship.
(5) Unless a competent court orders otherwise, the Consent of all the persons that have guardianship of a child is necessary in respect of matters set out in subsection (3)(c).
Now let us explain what Parental Responsibilities and Rights are.
What are parental Responsibilities and Rights of a parent in relation to a child?
As can be seen from section 18(2) of the Children’s Act, when we refer to Parental Responsibilities and Rights, we refer to the following:
(a) to care for the child;
(b) to maintain contact with the child;
(c) to act as guardian of the child; and
(d) to contribute to the maintenance of the child.
Therefore, if a parent has parental responsibilities and rights over a minor child, and accordingly, rights of guardianship, their Consent is required when it comes to issues of guardianship. As seen from section 18(3)(c) of the Children’s Act above, both parents’ Consent is required should a minor child depart from the Republic of South Africa. In this case, to emigrate to the Netherlands. Even if the minor child only wants to go for a short holiday to the Netherlands, both guardians’ Consent would be required.
When would the other parent be seen as a guardian in the case of a relocation matter to the Netherlands?
It must be noted that not all parents are legal guardians over their minor children. We should therefore distinguish between married or divorced parents and parents who were never married. As you would see below, usually married, or divorced parents’ Consent would be required for a minor child to relocate or emigrate to the Netherlands. However, that does not automatically apply to parents who were never married. This could be because the child could have been born from a brief encounter and never met his or her father. It would not make sense that a parent who never met his or her 15-year-old child, should give Consent for relocation to the Netherlands.
Mother’s Consent for relocation of the minor child to the Netherlands
Section 19 of the Children’s Act deals with the Parental responsibilities and rights of mothers. It states the following:
19 Parental responsibilities and rights of mothers
(1) The biological mother of a child, whether married or unmarried, has full parental responsibilities and rights in respect of the child.
(2) If-
(a) the biological mother of a child is an unmarried child who does not have guardianship in respect of the child; and
(b) the biological father of the child does not have guardianship in respect of the child, the guardian of the child’s biological mother is also the guardian of the child.
(3) This section does not apply in respect of a child who is the subject of a surrogacy agreement.
As seen from section 19(1) of the Children’s Act, in most cases involving the relocation of a minor child to the Netherlands, the mother’s Consent is required as she has full parental responsibilities and rights over the minor child.
Married father’s Consent for the relocation of the minor child to the Netherlands
Section 20 of the Children’s Act deals with Parental responsibilities and rights of married fathers. It states the following:
20 Parental responsibilities and rights of married fathers
The biological father of a child has full parental responsibilities and rights in respect of the child-
(a) if he is married to the child’s mother; or
(b) if he was married to the child’s mother at (i) the time of the child’s conception; (ii) the time of the child’s birth; or (iii) any time between the child’s conception and birth.
As can be seen from sections 20 (a) and (b) of the Children’s Act, if the father and the mother were married, or are married, then his Consent is required for the minor child to relocate to the Netherlands. Of course, an exception to this would be should a court of law order otherwise. This would be the case should the parents be divorced and the divorce court ordered that only the mother may act as guardian. Next, we deal with the issue of an unmarried father’s Consent to relocate a minor child to the Netherlands.
Consent of unmarried fathers for the relocation of their minor children to the Netherlands.
Section 21 of the Children’s Act deals with parental responsibilities and rights of unmarried fathers. The section states the following:
21 Parental responsibilities and rights of unmarried fathers
(1) The biological father of a child who does not have parental responsibilities and rights in respect of the child in terms of section 20, acquires full parental responsibilities and rights in respect of the child-
(a) if at the time of the child’s birth he is living with the mother in a permanent life-partnership; or
(b) if he, regardless of whether he has lived or is living with the mother-
(i) consents to be identified or successfully applies in terms of section 26 to be identified as the child’s father or pays damages in terms of customary law;
(ii) contributes or has attempted in good faith to contribute to the child’s upbringing for a reasonable period; and
(iii) contributes or has attempted in good faith to contribute towards expenses in connection with the maintenance of the child for a reasonable period.
(2) This section does not affect the duty of a father to contribute towards the maintenance of the child.
(3) (a) If there is a dispute between the biological father referred to in subsection (1) and the biological mother of a child with regard to the fulfilment by that father of the conditions set out in subsection (1) (a) or (b), the matter must be referred for mediation to a family advocate, social worker, social service professional or other suitably qualified person.
(b) Any party to the mediation may have the outcome of the mediation reviewed by a
court.
(4) This section applies regardless of whether the child was born before or after the commencement of this Act.
As can be seen from the latter sections, a father of a child born out of wedlock does not automatically have parental responsibilities and rights over his minor child. He may however acquire those parental responsibilities and rights over his minor child if he is materially involved in the child’s life. That would be where the father and the mother were in a permanent life partnership when the child was born or he is meaningfully involved in the child’s life, as outlined above. We shall not go into much detail regarding that. However, in most cases, if the father had regular contact with the child and paid child support, he would have acquired parental responsibilities and rights over the minor child.
What do you do if the other parent does not want to consent to the minor child relocating to the Netherlands?
Suppose the other parent also has parental responsibilities and rights over the minor child, and he or she does not want to consent to the relocation of the minor child to the Netherlands, then in such a case, the Court needs to be approached. Here I refer you back to section 18(5) of the Children’s Act referred to above where it states:
(5) Unless a competent court orders otherwise, the Consent of all the persons that have guardianship of a child is necessary in respect of matters set out in subsection (3)(c).
Therefore, after your Court Application has been launched an both sides have been heard, the Court would make the necessary Order. If you are successful in your application for the relocation of your minor children to the Netherlands, then the Court will make an Order similar to that which is shown below. [caption id="attachment_10805" align="alignnone" width="715"] Relocation consent Order for minor child to the Netherlands – Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf[/caption] [caption id="attachment_10806" align="alignnone" width="694"] Relocation consent Order for minor child to the Netherlands – Advocate Muhammad Abduroaf[/caption]

Posted on 11 February 2025 by Telelaw

Looking for Family Legal Services in Foreshore– Child Maintenance, Child Custody, Visitation Rights and Divorce
Here at our law officers, we understand the struggle of your anxious search for family legal services. Most often, you under the impression that you may not find the legal services you require within close proximity. Look no further.
Family Legal Advice Consultancy
We are a family legal consultancy that strive to cater for all your legal needs by offering legal advice and guidance in family law. If you happen to be residing in the Foreshore area, then legal advice is still in your favor. Searching for a legal solution is tough enough and we are fully aware of this. With this in mind, we have made our legal advice and legal guidance easily accessible for your convenience. Our online system enables you to make an online appointment for a professional legal consultation within minutes, while in the comfort of your own home.

Price listings for Family Legal Services in Foreshore

We have managed to compile a straightforward price list of some of our legal services in which we offer legal advice and legal guidance in. With that being said, we often have potential clients asking us for an overall view of what the service will cost. When it comes to child maintenance, child custody, contested/opposed divorces and so on; then an overview of the cost cannot be provided as this will be depend upon nature and circumstance of the legal matter. See our legal services page for an idea of what some of our legal services will cost.

Legal Advice in Foreshore– Family law legal topics

For family law legal topics, we offer legal advice on a variety of family law topics, which include, but is not limited to:

And while our consultation does come at a fee of R800; we have made our free, expert legal advice articles on our website, easily accessible for the layperson. See the following free, expert legal advice articles which was carefully crafted by the legal expert himself. These articles can be found within the following categories:

Child Maintenance

Child Custody

Divorce and Property

So whether you’re residing in the Northern or Southern suburbs, we can assist you in your legal plight. Call our law offices on 021 424 3487, and have our friendly receptionist make an online appointment for you for a face to face, telephonic or Video Chat/Skype legal consultation.

Legal consultation – telephonic, face to face or via video chat / Skype legal advice for those residing in Foreshore

Are you residing in Foreshore and concerned that legal advice and legal guidance may be out of your way? This could never be more far off from the truth. Our professional legal consultancy have taken such circumstances into account and have managed to accommodate for those residing in the Foreshore area. Our professional legal consultation can take place by virtue of video chat / Skype, email or telephonic for your convenience. We are currently based at Suit 702, 7^th Floor, The Pinnacle (on the corner of Burg and Strand Street). Do you require an Attorney to handle your legal matter? No problem. Our law offices have built a wealth of legal connections to ease your plight. After assessing your legal matter during the consultation, we can refer you to an Attorney if necessary. However, we have managed to sustain a convenient online operation which will unfold within the following ways:

Call our friendly receptionist and ask to have an appointment made for you online which will only take a minute or two.
You have the choice of deciding whether you would like a telephonic, email, video chat/Skype legal consultation.
Once you call our law offices on 021 424 3487, the receptionist will make an appointment online for you. Thereafter, you will receive an automated email which will contain all relevant details about the legal consultation. The date, time, nature of legal matter and payments methods will be highlighted within the email.
We urge potential clients to read their email well as well as the terms and conditions within the email.
Only once payment has been made, will the face to face legal consultation be confirmed.
Bear in mind that the date and time of the legal consultation is subject to change on either our part or the potential client’s part. Hence the potential client is free to change the date and time should they later find a more convenient date or time.

Call our law offices on 021 424 3487, and have our friendly receptionist make an online appointment for you for a face to face, telephonic or Video Chat/Skype legal consultation.

Free legal products if you live in Foreshore

Our law offices does not offer pro bono legal services as we are a Family Legal Consultancy that aims at offering expert, efficient legal advice and assistance on child maintenance, divorce, child custody and so forth. We have however, as mentioned previously, made our free, expert legal advice accessible to the layperson on our website. The creators of this website have compiled a “Free Family Law Resources” section, which can be found on our home page. The family law resources are as follows:

You can now enjoy free, expert legal advice at the touch of a button. Call our law offices on 021 424 3487, and have our friendly receptionist make an online appointment for you for a face to face, telephonic or Video Chat/Skype legal consultation. Connect with us today!

Posted on 11 February 2025 by Telelaw

Draft you own Divorce Summons and Particulars of Claim, Western Cape High Court, Cape Town
In South Africa, a court of law would be approached to divorce a couple if the marriage broke down irretrievably. In other words, the marriage cannot be saved. Once a decree of divorce is granted, then spouses are immediately allowed to remarry and move on with their lives. This is what is hoped and expected. There are however factors that may keep spouses connected post-divorce. This could vary from couple to couple.
Connecting former spouses post-divorce
If there are minor children born from the marriage, then the parties may have to deal with each other in relation to child maintenance, and visitation after the divorce. If it is ordered or agreed upon prior to the divorce, that one spouse should pay personal maintenance to the other spouse, or alimony, then on that basis the parties may have to continue dealing with each other after the divorce.
The divorce process in South Africa
Many spouses contemplate getting divorced. However, do not know what procedures need to be followed. Only courts of law in South Africa can divorced couples. And not every court is authorised to do so. For examples, the criminal courts or tax courts will not be able to divorce a couple. The High Courts and the family courts would be able to divorce a couple. The entire legal process starts with the issuing of a summons out of the relevant court.
Issuing of a Summons from the divorce court
A summons is a legal document that needs to be drafted. The summons will be issued out of the court that has jurisdiction to attend to the divorce. Usually, it would be the court that deals with divorces where one of the parties resides in. The registrar of the court would sign and stamp the summons and provide a case number. Basically, a court file is opened.
Particulars of claim
Attached to the summons would be a Particulates of Claim. This document basically outlines certain relevant information to the divorce court. For example, when the parties were married and details of minor children if any and the reasons for the breakdown of the marriage. The other party and the court would, therefore, know what issues they are going to deal with. Below you will find an example of a Particulars of Claim. You will also find an online form which you can complete to assist you in starting that divorce process.
Example of information in a Particulars of Claim
1. The Plaintiff and the Defendant are as described on the face on the summons. 2. The Defendant and/or Plaintiff are domiciled within the area of jurisdiction of this Honourable Court. 3. On 01 January 2000, at Cape Town, Western Cape, the parties were married In Community of Property, and the marriage still so subsists. Kindly find attached a copy of the marriage certificate marked “A”. 4. Plaintiff avers that by virtue of the following facts and circumstances the marriage relationship between the parties has broken down irretrievably and that there is no reasonable prospect for the restoration thereof in that: 4.1 There is no love and affection and meaningful communication between the parties; and 4.2 The Parties do not wish to live as husband and wife.
WHEREFORE PLAINTIFF PRAYS FOR:
A. A Decree of Divorce; B. Equal division of the Joint Estate; C. Costs, only in the event this action is defended; and D. Further and / or alternative relief. DATED AT SIGNED AT CAPE TOWN THIS_DAY OF 2020. ______ Per: JOHN WILLIAMS (Plaintiff in Person) 4 Green Street, Greenland, WESTERN CAPE TO: THE REGISTRAR HIGH COURT CAPE TOWN AND TO: JANE WILLIAMS 1 Apple Street, Apple Town, WESTERN CAPE
Complete the free online divorce form below to assist you with your unopposed divorce.
If you want to attend to your own uncontested divorce, we can to help you at no charge. Fill in the form below, and then our system will send you an email with the details you provided, which you should include in the divorce documents. [ninja_form id=35]

Posted on 11 February 2025 by Telelaw

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